Contrasting photocatalytic performance of quantum-dot sensitized p-type and n-type TiO2 hierarchical nanocomposites under visible light

Abstract

In recent times, titanium dioxide (TiO2) has acquired greater attention owing to its efficient photocatalytic activity, low cost, stability, non-corrosive, high availability, and nontoxicity towards the environment and humans. However, two major drawbacks including a wide band gap of around-3.2 eV and a high recombination rate of the photogenerated charge carriers restrict its capability in practical application. In this work, we deposited metal chalcogenide-based quantum-dots of lead sulfide (PbS QDs) on P25-, p-type and n-type TiO2 nanoparticles by pseudo-successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (p-SILAR) process to form hierarchical nanocomposite and studied the corresponding photocatalytic activity under visible light. Concurrently, improved optoelectronic characteristics were recorded for n-TiO2/PbS hierarchical nanocomposite due to low charge recombination evidenced from photoluminescence (PL) spectra and optimum PbS deposition evidenced from EDX analysis as compared to p-TiO2 and P25-TiO2. The n-TiO2/PbS hierarchical nanocomposite degrades 74.4% RhB dye under visible light in 120 min. The structural, morphological, and photocatalytic characteristics were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, PL spectra, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and Fourier transforms infrared spectra. This work might offer new understandings on P25-, p-and n-TiO2/PbS hierarchical nano composites with improved photocatalytic performance for visible-light activated degradation of RhB.