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High Rate Anaerobic Reactor를 이용한 Palm Oil Mill Effluent의 처리성능에 대한 고찰

Title
High Rate Anaerobic Reactor를 이용한 Palm Oil Mill Effluent의 처리성능에 대한 고찰
Other Titles
Performance of High Rate Anaerobic Reactor on Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment
Author
신창하
Alternative Author(s)
Shin, Chang Ha
Advisor(s)
박주양
Issue Date
2013-02
Publisher
한양대학교
Degree
Master
Abstract
Palm oil mill effluent (POME)는 팜 오일을 생산 중에 발생하는 부산물로서 고농도의 유기물질을 포함하여 수계에 유입 시 부영양화를 비롯한 수질오염을 일으키는 것으로 보고되고 있다(Igwe and Ontegbado, 2007). 대부분의 POME가 발생하는 말레이시아와 인도네시아는 처리의 편의성과 고온의 기후조건에 맞는 임의/혐기지(facultative/anaerobic pond)를 비롯한 생물학적 처리를 이용한 처리가 주로 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 이 과정에서 대기 중으로 혐기성 소화가스 중 포함된 온실가스(CH4, CO2)가 그대로 배출되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 POME의 유기오염물의 제거와 바이오 가스 포집을 통한 CER 획득에 초점을 맞추어 연구가 수행되었다. 연구에서 사용된 공정은 초고효율 혐기폐수 처리공정 (high rate anaerobic reactor, HRAR)로서 혐기 혼합반응기 (anaerobic hybrid reactor, AHR)와 혐기 압출류 반응기 (anaerobic plug-flow filter, APF)의 혐기 조합 공정으로 구성하였다. 연구 수행 내용은 HRAR의 POME 적용을 위한 운전인자에 산정을 목표로 하여 실 운전 시 반응기에서 최적화된 처리량과 공정상의 경제성을 재고하기 위한 약품주입량을 최소화 등에 대해 수행하였다. 본 연구는 국내에서의 AHR 최적화 연구와 현지에서의 HRAR 적용연구로 구분된다. 국내에서 80 일의 운전 동안 AHR의 최적 OLR을 선정하여 15 kg/m3․day에서 90.4%의 COD 제거효율을 달성하였고, 평균 82.3 L/day의 바이오 가스를 회수하였다. 현지에서 170 일간의 운전 동안 OLR을 0∼22.5 kg/m3․day 로 조절하였을 때 반응기의 전체 COD 제거효율은 AHR+APF가 90.7∼96.3%, AHR+ADF의 효율은 91.9∼96.2%로 나타났다. 또한 AHR에 대해 유입 OLR은 14 kg/m3․day에서 93.8%의 최대 COD 제거효율을 달성하였고 유입 폐수의 SS의 제어가 3,000 mg/L 이하로 운전 시 효율이 유지되는 것을 확인하였다. 후단 반응기로서 APF와 ADF는 AHR의 효율 저하 시에도 전체 운전효율을 유지하게 하며, 유출 COD와 SS 농도로 보았을 때 APF가 baffle이 갖는 구조적 특징으로 ADF보다 높은 COD 제거 효율과 낮은 sludge 유출을 보이는 것으로 사료된다. HRAR의 바이오 가스 발생량은 최대 107 L/day를 보였으며, 바이오 가스 구성비는 35:65 (CO2:CH4)로 일반적인 POME 폐수의 대상으로 한 anaerobic digestion과 유사한 결과를 나타냈다. 또한 미생물에 의한 메탄가스 생성계수는 0.171∼0.269 L CH4/g CODremoved로 나타났다. | Anaerobic Digestion Process is considered as efficient wastewater treatment process with the removal of high concentrations of organic waste and production of biogas. Present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of Anaerobic Hybrid Reactor (AHR) combined with two types of anaerobic attached growth reactors (ADF and APF) at mesophilic temperature (37 ℃). The reactor was operated at the influent substrate condition of 19,400 mg/L soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD). The organic loading rate (OLR) and flow rate were varied in the range of 9.5∼22.5 kg/m3․day and 10.6∼26.0 L/day respectively since start-up was done. The COD removal efficiency of 93% was achieved at the OLR of 14 kg/m3․day in AHR. However removal efficiency was founded to reduced to 85%, this could be because of combined effect of high suspended solids (SS) and higher concentration (3,800 mg/L). On the other hand the total COD removal efficiencies were found to be 96.3% and 96.2% for AHR+APF and AHR+ADF respectively. pH of the POME was adjusted to neutral range by using sodium bicarbonate at the initial stages of the reactor feed, later stages pH adjustment was not required as the pH was maintained in the desired neutral range due to self-buffering capacity of the reactor. The reactor proved to be economically viable and operationally stable. The biogas was found to have CH4 and CO2 with a ratio of 35:65, and methane gas production rate was estimated to be 0.171∼0.269 L CH4/g CODremoved.; Anaerobic Digestion Process is considered as efficient wastewater treatment process with the removal of high concentrations of organic waste and production of biogas. Present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of Anaerobic Hybrid Reactor (AHR) combined with two types of anaerobic attached growth reactors (ADF and APF) at mesophilic temperature (37 ℃). The reactor was operated at the influent substrate condition of 19,400 mg/L soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD). The organic loading rate (OLR) and flow rate were varied in the range of 9.5∼22.5 kg/m3․day and 10.6∼26.0 L/day respectively since start-up was done. The COD removal efficiency of 93% was achieved at the OLR of 14 kg/m3․day in AHR. However removal efficiency was founded to reduced to 85%, this could be because of combined effect of high suspended solids (SS) and higher concentration (3,800 mg/L). On the other hand the total COD removal efficiencies were found to be 96.3% and 96.2% for AHR+APF and AHR+ADF respectively. pH of the POME was adjusted to neutral range by using sodium bicarbonate at the initial stages of the reactor feed, later stages pH adjustment was not required as the pH was maintained in the desired neutral range due to self-buffering capacity of the reactor. The reactor proved to be economically viable and operationally stable. The biogas was found to have CH4 and CO2 with a ratio of 35:65, and methane gas production rate was estimated to be 0.171∼0.269 L CH4/g CODremoved.
URI
https://repository.hanyang.ac.kr/handle/20.500.11754/134605http://hanyang.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000420891
Appears in Collections:
GRADUATE SCHOOL[S](대학원) > CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING(건설환경공학과) > Theses (Master)
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