결혼이주여성의 자아존중감 향상을 위한 미술치료 프로그램 개발 연구

Abstract

본 연구는 결혼이주여성의 자아존중감 향상을 위한 미술치료 프로그램을 개발하여 실제 적용해봄으로써 결혼이주여성의 자아존중감에 어떠한 효과가 있는지 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 결혼이주여성을 대상으로 미술치료 프로그램을 실시한 선행연구들을 살펴보고, 이론적 배경에 대하여 고찰하였다. 이론적 배경으로 결혼이주여성에 대하여 이해하고, 자아존중감의 개념 및 영향이론을 고찰하여 결혼이주여성과 자아존중감이 어떠한 연관성을 맺고 있는지 알아보았다. 또한 미술치료의 개념 및 활용, 미술치료와 자아존중감의 관계에 대하여 고찰해봄으로써 결혼이주여성의 자아존중감 향상을 위한 프로그램 개발의 이론적 근거를 찾고자 하였다. 본 연구 프로그램 개발을 위해 자아존중감의 영향이론을 바탕으로 자아존중감의 요소를 선정하여 단계별 목표로 설정하였으며, 회기별 활동마다 자아존중감의 요소를 경험할 수 있도록 개발하였다. 본 연구 프로그램의 효과성을 확인하기 위하여 G시에 소재한 다문화가족지원센터를 이용하고 있는 결혼이주여성 1명을 대상으로 주 2회, 회기 당 50분씩, 사전사후검사를 포함하여 총 18회기를 진행하였고, 유의미한 변화정도를 알아보고자 자아존중감평정척도 검사와 그림투사검사인 HTP, KFD검사를 사전, 사후 실시하였다. 또한 G시 다문화가족지원센터 사회복지사의 사전사후 인터뷰와 회기별 활동과정, 작품의 관찰을 통해 결혼이주여성의 자아존중감 변화를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약해보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 결혼이주여성을 대상으로 본 프로그램을 적용한 결과 자아존중감평정척도가 21점에서 27점으로 15% 상승하며 자아존중감 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 프로그램을 적용하는 과정에서 나타난 결혼이주여성의 신체적행동적인 변화를 관찰한 결과 유의미한 변화가 있음을 확인하였고, 자아존중감의 요소인 개인적 기질, 신체적 특성, 사회적 정체성에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 다양한 미술매체를 다루며 흥미와 즐거움을 경험하고, 활동을 통해 자기를 탐색하고 수용하는 과정이 자아존중감 향상에 도움을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구 결과를 통해 결혼이주여성의 자아존중감 향상을 위한 미술치료 프로그램이 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 본 프로그램은 결혼이주여성 1명을 대상으로 적용되었으므로 프로그램의 효과를 일반화하는데 한계가 있다. 이에 대상자의 범위가 확대되고 부족한 부분을 보완하여 자아존중감 향상을 위한 방법으로써 효과적인 프로그램으로 활용되었으면 한다.

| The purpose of this study is to develop the self-esteem improvement art therapy program and to research what king of effects it has on the self-esteem improvement of foreign immigrant women applying it in practice. To do this, I examined preceding researches which performed the art therapy program for foreign immigrant women and contemplated theoretical backgrounds. I understood foreign immigrant women by theoretical backgrounds, contemplated the concept and effect theory of self-esteem, and figured out what kind of connections foreign immigrant women and self-esteem have. Also, by contemplating the relationship between the concept and use of art therapy and self esteem, I try to find the theoretical basis of the development of programs for the self-esteem improvement of foreign immigrant women. To develop this research program, I selected elements of self-esteem based on the effect theory of self-esteem and set those as a goal for each step. I developed the program in a way that elements of self-esteem can be experienced through activities of each session. To verify effectiveness of this research program, I performed the program total 18 sessions including a preliminary and post test, twice a week, 50 minutes per session, targeting one foreign immigrant woman using the support center for multi cultural families located in G city. And to investigate the meaningful degree of change, I performed the preliminary and post self-esteem rating scale test and HPT/KFD test which is the picture projection test. Also, I analyzed the change of self-esteem of a foreign immigrant woman through preliminary and post interviews of a social worker at the support center for multi cultural families in G city and the observation of an activity process and work of each session. The summary of this research's result is as follows. First, as a result of applying this program to a foreign immigrant woman, it shows that it has a positive effect of the self-esteem improvement as the self-esteem rating scale increased 15% from 21 points to 27 points. Second, as a result of observing physical and behavioral changes of a foreign immigrant woman which occurred during the process of applying the program, I confirmed that there were meaningful changes and found out that it had a positive effect on the personal tendency, physical characteristic, and social identity which are the elements of self-esteem. Also, it showed that the process which she experienced interest and pleasure while handling various art media and explored and accepted herself through activities was helpful to improve self-esteem. Through such research results, it can be said that the art therapy program for the self-esteem improvement of foreign immigrant women has a positive effect. There is a limit to generalize the effect of this program because this program was applied to one foreign immigrant woman. I wish that it can be used as an effective program as a method for the self-esteem improvement by expanding the range of subjects and compensating deficient parts.; The purpose of this study is to develop the self-esteem improvement art therapy program and to research what king of effects it has on the self-esteem improvement of foreign immigrant women applying it in practice. To do this, I examined preceding researches which performed the art therapy program for foreign immigrant women and contemplated theoretical backgrounds. I understood foreign immigrant women by theoretical backgrounds, contemplated the concept and effect theory of self-esteem, and figured out what kind of connections foreign immigrant women and self-esteem have. Also, by contemplating the relationship between the concept and use of art therapy and self esteem, I try to find the theoretical basis of the development of programs for the self-esteem improvement of foreign immigrant women. To develop this research program, I selected elements of self-esteem based on the effect theory of self-esteem and set those as a goal for each step. I developed the program in a way that elements of self-esteem can be experienced through activities of each session. To verify effectiveness of this research program, I performed the program total 18 sessions including a preliminary and post test, twice a week, 50 minutes per session, targeting one foreign immigrant woman using the support center for multi cultural families located in G city. And to investigate the meaningful degree of change, I performed the preliminary and post self-esteem rating scale test and HPT/KFD test which is the picture projection test. Also, I analyzed the change of self-esteem of a foreign immigrant woman through preliminary and post interviews of a social worker at the support center for multi cultural families in G city and the observation of an activity process and work of each session. The summary of this research's result is as follows. First, as a result of applying this program to a foreign immigrant woman, it shows that it has a positive effect of the self-esteem improvement as the self-esteem rating scale increased 15% from 21 points to 27 points. Second, as a result of observing physical and behavioral changes of a foreign immigrant woman which occurred during the process of applying the program, I confirmed that there were meaningful changes and found out that it had a positive effect on the personal tendency, physical characteristic, and social identity which are the elements of self-esteem. Also, it showed that the process which she experienced interest and pleasure while handling various art media and explored and accepted herself through activities was helpful to improve self-esteem. Through such research results, it can be said that the art therapy program for the self-esteem improvement of foreign immigrant women has a positive effect. There is a limit to generalize the effect of this program because this program was applied to one foreign immigrant woman. I wish that it can be used as an effective program as a method for the self-esteem improvement by expanding the range of subjects and compensating deficient parts.