Three-dimensional ordered macroporous Si/C composite anodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

This work details the simple preparation of three-dimensional ordered macroporous silicon/carbon (Si/C) composite particles and confirms their electrochemical properties as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). To improve reaction kinetics, Si/C composite particles with a three-dimensional ordered macroporous structure were fabricated using Si nanoparticles and polystyrene/sulfonated polystyrene (PS/SPS) core-shell-type microspheres treated under an acidic condition. Since the SPS shell can be carbonized simultaneously with the removal of the PS core during heat treatment under an argon atmosphere, the PS/SPS core-shell microspheres are ideal for use as a template for the formation of three-dimensional ordered macroporous carbon structures.