Association of Sensitization to Different Aeroallergens With Airway Function and Nasal Patency in Urban Children

Abstract

Purpose: Children with sensitization to aeroallergens have decreased lung function and nasal patency. Our purpose was to determine the association of sensitization to different aeroallergens with airway function and nasal patency.

Methods: Four hundred and eighty-six randomly selected 11 year-old children who lived in Seongnam City were examined. Serum specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels against 6 common allergens (Dermatophagoidesfarinae, birch, cat, dog, Japanese hop and Alternaria), impulse oscillometry (IOS) results for the evaluation of airway dysfunction, and acoustic rhinometry for the determination of nasal airway patency were obtained.

Results: IOS indicated that children sensitized to Alternaria (n = 38, 7.8%) and dog dander (n = 69,14.2%) had decreased lung function, based on resistance at 10 Hz (Rrs10; a beta = 0.0072; 95% CI, 0.017, 0.127; P= 0.010) and 1 Hz (Rrs1; a beta = 0.038; 95% CI, 0.001, 0.074; P= 0.042). Children sensitized to D. farinae (n = 281, 57.8%) had decreased post-decongestant nasal volume at 0 to 5 cm (a beta = -0.605; 95% CI, -1.005, -0.205; P= 0.003), but normal IOS results at all measured frequencies (P > 0.05). Increased serum eosinophil level was associated with Rrsl (P = 0.007) and Rrs2 (P = 0.018) and post-decongestant nasal volume at 0 to 5 cm (a beta = -0.885; 95% CI, -1.331, -0.439; P < 0.001).

Conclusions: Sensitivity to specific aeroallergens, serum eosinophil count and total IgE level had different associations with upper and lower airway dysfunction in urban children.