Sputtered Ni-Zn under bump metallurgy (UBM) for Sn-Ag-Cu solders

Abstract

We developed a new sputtered under bump metallurgy (UBM) based on Ni-20wt% Zn thin films for Pb-free solders. This study focuses on the interfacial reactions between two Pb-free solders (Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu and Sn1.0Ag0.7Cu) and a Ni-Zn alloy UBM. By adding Zn to Ni UBM, Zn is incorporated into intermetallic compounds (IMCs) to form a quaternary Cu-Ni-Zn-Sn phase at the solder/Ni-Zn interface after reflow and subsequent isothermal aging. The Ni-Zn UBM sufficiently reduces the interfacial reaction and IMCs formation rates as well as UBM consumption rates compared to a Ni UBM. In particular, the formation of (Ni, Cu)(3)Sn-4 IMC was significantly retarded by adding Zn into UBM. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.