A novel concentration-gradient Li[Ni(0.83)Co(0.07)Mn(0.10)]O(2) cathode material for high-energy lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

A novel concentration-gradient Li[Ni 0.83 Co 0.07 Mn 0.10 ]O 2 cathode material was successfully synthesized via co-precipitation, in which the core Li[Ni 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 ]O 2 was encapsulated completely with a stable concentration-gradient layer having reduced Ni content. The electrochemical and thermal properties of the concentration-gradient Li[Ni 0.83 Co 0.07 Mn 0.10 ]O 2 were studied and compared to those of the core Li[Ni 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 ]O 2 material alone. The concentration-gradient material had a superior lithium intercalation stability and thermal stability compared to the core material. The high capacity was delivered from the Ni-rich core Li[Ni 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 ]O 2 , and the improved thermal stability was achieved by the Ni-depleted concentration-gradient layer with outer surface composition of Li[Ni 0.68 Co 0.12 Mn 0.20 ]O 2 . The concentration-gradient materials open a new era for the development of advanced Li-ion batteries with high energy density, long cycle life, and improved safety. Graphic Abstract A novel concentration-gradient Li[Ni 0.83 Co 0.07 Mn 0.10 ]O 2 cathode material showed a very high reversible capacity of 213 m Ah g ?1 as well as superior lithium intercalation stability and thermal stability compared to the core Li[Ni 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 ]O 2 material.