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Effect of fin-fish farming on the biogeochemical process in sediments of Hadong, southern coast of Korea

Title
Effect of fin-fish farming on the biogeochemical process in sediments of Hadong, southern coast of Korea
Other Titles
하동 어류 양식장이 퇴적물 내 생지화학적 과정에 미치는 영향
Author
이예림
Alternative Author(s)
LEEYERIM
Advisor(s)
Jung-Ho Hyun
Issue Date
2024. 2
Publisher
한양대학교 대학원
Degree
Master
Abstract
Effect of fin-fish farming on the biogeochemical process in sediments of Hadong, southern coast of Korea Yerim Lee Directed by Prof. Jung-Ho Hyun Department of Marine Science and Convergent Technology The Graduate School of Hanyang University This study investigated the effect of organic matter (e.g., waste feed and feces) from a fin-fish farm located in Hadong, on the southern coast of Korea. The impacts of the gray mullet farm on sediment biogeochemistry, including geochemical constituents, and microbial metabolic rate (e.g., Corg mineralization (CR), iron reduction rate (FeRR), and sulfate reduction (SRR)) were compared with sediments at a control site. Relatively higher amounts of total organic carbon (TOC) (farm: 97.3 mg cm-2, dry wt., control: 77.2 mg cm-2, dry wt.) were accumulated in surface sediment (0-4 cm). Moreover, the concentrations of ammonium and phosphate in the pore water were approximately 1.79 and 2.81 times higher, respectively, at the fin-fish farm than at the control site. H2S was below the detection limit (3 μM) at both sites due to H2S oxidation coupled with the reduction of FeOOH. Acid volatile sulfides (AVS) (farm: 132 mmol m-2, control: 1.67 mmol m-2) and chromium reducible sulfur (CRS) (farm: 2442 mmol m-2, control: 1664 mmol m-2) were found approximately 79.0 and 1.46 times higher, respectively, at the fin-fish farm than at the control site. However, FeOOH (farm: 10.4 mmol m-2, control: 217 mmol m-2) was approximately 26.1 times higher at the control site than at the farm. Consequently, the fin-fish farm was found to represent a more reduced environment compared to the control site. In sediments at the fin-fish farm, the sulfate reduction rate (70.2 mmol m-2 d-1) was approximately 26.1 times higher than the iron reduction rate (2.69 mmol m-2 d-1). Thus, sulfate reduction (97.8%) was dominant over iron reduction (3.8%) in the Corg mineralization pathway. On the other hand, in sediments at the control site, the iron reduction rate (22.3 mmol m-2 d-1) was about 1.9 times higher than the sulfate reduction rate (12.0 mmol m-2 d-1). Thus, iron reduction (60.8%) was dominant over sulfate reduction (32.7%) in the Corg mineralization pathway. This is considered to have promoted sulfate reduction, as the organic matter loads from aquaculture activities strengthened rapid oxygen consumption and created an anaerobic environment in the sediments. Promoting sulfate reduction also affected the iron cycle in the sediment because sulfate reduction increased the release of H2S, which reacts with FeOOH. Thus, the loading of significant organic material from aquaculture activities was a factor influencing Corg mineralization rates and pathways within the sediments. Also, this is believed to have a considerable impact on the biogeochemical cycle of elements within fin-fish farm sediments. Key words: fin-fish farm, biodeposit, carbon mineralization rates, sulfate reduction, iron reduction|국문요지 하동 어류 양식장이 퇴적물 내 생지화학적 과정에 미치는 영향 본 연구는 우리나라 남해안 하동에 위치한 어류 양식장에서 발생하는 유기물(예, 잉여 사료와 배설물 등) 배출이 퇴적 환경에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 퇴적물 내 지화학 성분, 혐기성 유기물 분해율, 철 환원율 및 황산염 환원율을 분석하였다. 양식장 퇴적물에서 상대적으로 더 많은 양의 총 유기 탄소(양식장 : 97.3 mg cm-2, dry wt., 대조구 : 77.2 mg cm-2, dry wt.)가 축적되었으며, 공극수 내 암모늄과 인산염 농도 또한 대조구와 비교하여 각각 약 1.79 배, 2.81 배 높게 나타났다. 반면, 황화수소는 퇴적물 내 산화철(FeOOH)과의 빠른 반응으로 인해 두 정점에서 모두 검출한계(3 μM) 이하였다. 퇴적물 내 AVS(양식장 : 132 mmol m-2, 대조구 : 1.67 mmol m-2)와 CRS(양식장 : 2442 mmol m-2, 대조구 : 1664 mmol m-2)는 양식장에서 대조구에 비해 각각 약 79.0 배, 1.46 배 높게 나타나 양식장 지역이 대조구보다 더 환원된 환경으로 조사되었다. 반면, 산화철(양식장 : 10.4 mmol m-2, 대조구 : 217 mmol m-2)은 대조구에서 약 26.1 배 더 높게 나타났다. 양식장 퇴적물에서 황산염 환원율(70.2 mmol m-2 d-1 )이 철 환원율(2.69 mmol m-2 d-1)보다 약 26.1 배 높았으며, 전체 혐기성 유기물 분해 경로 중 황산염 환원(97.8%)이 철 환원보다 우세한 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 대조구 퇴적물에서 철 환원율(22.3 mmol m-2 d-1)이 황산염 환원율(12.0 mmol m-2 d-1) 보다 1.9 배 높았고, 전체 혐기성 유기물 분해경로 중 철 환원(60.8%)이 황산염 환원보다 우세한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 양식 활동에 의한 유기물 부하가 퇴적물 내 빠른 산소 소모 및 혐기성 환경을 강화시킴에 따라, 황산염 환원 을 촉진시킨 것으로 여겨진다. 황산염 환원이 촉진된 결과, 황화수소 발생 증가 및 황화수소와 산화철 간의 반응을 촉진시킴에 따라 퇴적물 내 철 순환에도 영향을 주었다. 따라서, 양식 활동에 따른 다량의 유기물 부하는 퇴적물 내 혐기성 유기물 분해율 및 유기물 분해 경로의 상대적 중요성을 조절하는 요인으로 나타났으며, 양식장 저층 퇴적물 내 생지화학 원소 순환에 중요한 영향을 미친 것으로 사료된다. Key words: fish farm, biodeposit, carbon mineralization rates, sulfate reduction, iron reduction
URI
http://hanyang.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000725520https://repository.hanyang.ac.kr/handle/20.500.11754/188413
Appears in Collections:
GRADUATE SCHOOL[S](대학원) > MARINE SCIENCES AND CONVERGENT TECHNOLOGY(해양융합과학과) > Theses (Master)
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