EffectiveHydroquinoneDetectionusingaManganeseStannate/FunctionalizedCarbonBlackNanocomposite

Abstract

Thisthesisintroducesthefabricationoftransitionmetaloxidecompositeforelectrochemicalsensingapplicationandtheenvironmentalfriendlysynthesisofnanosilicausingricehuskashasprecursor. First,asuccessfulsynthesisoffunctionalizedcarbonblack(f-CB)encapsulatedovercube-structuredmanganesestannate(Mn2SnO4).Thiscombinationexhibitshighsensitivity,selectivity,andstabilityinHQdetection,benefitingfromthesynergisticeffectsofitstwocomponents.ByleveragingtheadvantagesofcarbonblackandMn2SnO4,ahybridnanocompositewasdesigned,resultinginalowlimitofdetectionof7nM.TheMn2SnO4/f-CB-modifiedsensorsdemonstrateenhancedelectrochemicalperformancethroughtheexcitationofexternalelectronsprimarilyonMn,resultinginefficientchargetransferandimprovedreactionrates.Thehybridizationofnanomaterials,suchasMn2SnO4/f-CB,overcomesthelimitationsofindividualcompounds.Carbon-basednanomaterialsofferversatilityandexceptionalelectricalperformance,makingthemvaluableinelectrochemicalsensors.ThecombinationofmetaloxidesandcarboninMn2SnO4/f-CBsensorsproducessynergisticeffects,leadingtoheightenedsensitivity.Overall,thesesensorspresentapromisingapproachforsensitiveandefficientdetectioninvariousapplications.ThisstudypresentsapromisingapproachforthedevelopmentofsensitiveandselectivesensorsforthedetectionofhazardousorganiccompoundslikeHQinvariousapplications. Second,thisexplorestheutilizationofsyntheticnanosilicaderivedfromricehuskash(RHA)asaneco-friendlyandsustainablealternativetosilicasandandfumedsilicamaterials.Toenhancetheindustrialapplicabilityofnanosilica,highsurfaceareaandlargeporechannelsareessential.Toaddressthecurrentlimitationsofwater-glass-basedsyntheticnanosilicapreparedfromRHA(referredtoasWNS),asilica-basednanoarchitecturewasconstructed,comprisingadendriticfibroussilicananolayer(DFSL)astheouterlayerandWNSastheinnerpart(WNS@DFSL).ThepreparationofRHAandWNSwasinvestigatedandoptimizedtoimprovethesurfacepropertiesofWNS@DFSL.DFSLsignificantlyenhancestheporosity,surfacearea,andchannelsizeofWNS.Thissyntheticstrategyoffersameanstoconstructhierarchicalporoussilica-basednanoarchitectures,facilitatingtheindustrialuseofeco-friendlymaterials.