한국과 미국의 소득수준에 따른 소아 과체중과 영양섭취의 관계

Abstract

The prevalence of overweight in children has been dramatically increasing worldwide, and socioeconomic status is the important risk factor for obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the association between overweight and household income in Korean children was similar as shown in the United States (US). In the study, 2,117 children from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) between 2001 and 2007, and 3,016 children from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2001 and 2006, aged 7 to 12 years were included. Overweight was defined as the sex- and age-specific body mass index cutoffs recommended by the International Obesity Task Force. Household income was positively associated with risk for overweight, irrespective of adjustments in Korean boys. However, the negative association between household income and overweight in American boy was disappeared after adjusting for frequency of dining out and TV watching time. There was no significant association between household income and prevalence of overweight in both Korean and American girls. As household income increased, intake of energy and energy from protein was significantly increased but energy from carbohydrate was significantly decreased in Korean boys. However, energy intake from carbohydrate and protein was significantly increased and decreased respectively as household income increased in American boys. In conclusion, household income was positively associated with the prevalence of overweight in Korean boys, suggesting that intake of energy and dietary ratio of protein and carbohydrate were influenced by household income and thus affected overweight.