구동력 분석을 통한 트랙터의 견인성능 예측

Abstract

In agricultural works of the tractor, many works such as plow cultivating, pulverizing soil preparation and tracting trailers are being conducted by traction. Tractive performance is the very important factor that has an effect on the efficiency of the works. The purpose of this study is to evaluate tractive performance of the tractor by prediction of the maximum tractive force and the maximum tractive power on the concrete road using the 4 wheel driving force of each gear step by the output power of the engine. In this study, in order to find the maximum tractive force of slip on the concrete road, tractive force prediction equation was established using the result of the maximum tractive force test. Also to find the driving force of the wheels, the net power of the engine was estimated by the PTO output power test and tractive force equation of the front and rear wheels was established using the result of the test, gear ratio and transfer efficiency of the powertrain. The maximum tractive force, power and travel speed were predicted by the output graph of computer program using the above tractive prediction equation and tracitve force of driving force. Tractive force improvement by adjusting design factors was found using tractive force prediction program.; 농업용 트랙터 작업에 있어서 플라우 경운작업, 쇄토 정지작업 및 트레일러 운반 등 많은 작업들이 견인에 의해 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 견인성능은 트랙터의 작업효율에 크게 영향을 미치는 매우 중요한 성능이다. 본 연구에서는 트랙터의 견인성능을 평가하기 위하여 콘크리트 지면을 기준으로 하여 각 주행단수에서 엔진의 출력에 따른 4륜의 구동력을 이용하여 최대 견인력과 최대 견인동력 그리고 주행속도를 예측하는 데 목표를 두고 있다. 본 연구에서 콘크리트 지면에서 슬립에 따른 최대 견인력을 구하기 위해 최대견인력 실험을 수행한 데이터를 이용하여 4륜 구동시의 견인력 예측방정식을 구하였다. 또한 구동륜의 구동력을 구하기 위해 엔진의 유효출력을 PTO출력 실험을 통해 파악하였고, 이를 이용하여 파워트레인의 감속비와 전달효율을 이용하여 전륜과 후륜의 구동력을 이용한 견인력 계산식을 도출하였다. 위 두가지의 견인력 예측방정식과 구동력에 의한 견인력을 프로그램을 통해 그래프로 출력하여 최대 견인력, 최대 견인동력과 주행속도를 예측하였다. 견인예측 프로그램을 이용하여 설계변수 조정에 따른 견인력의 향상효과를 확인하였다.| In agricultural works of the tractor, many works such as plow cultivating, pulverizing soil preparation and tracting trailers are being conducted by traction. Tractive performance is the very important factor that has an effect on the efficiency of the works. The purpose of this study is to evaluate tractive performance of the tractor by prediction of the maximum tractive force and the maximum tractive power on the concrete road using the 4 wheel driving force of each gear step by the output power of the engine. In this study, in order to find the maximum tractive force of slip on the concrete road, tractive force prediction equation was established using the result of the maximum tractive force test. Also to find the driving force of the wheels, the net power of the engine was estimated by the PTO output power test and tractive force equation of the front and rear wheels was established using the result of the test, gear ratio and transfer efficiency of the powertrain. The maximum tractive force, power and travel speed were predicted by the output graph of computer program using the above tractive prediction equation and tracitve force of driving force. Tractive force improvement by adjusting design factors was found using tractive force prediction program.