생활체육 참여가 생활만족도에 미치는 영향

Abstract

본 연구는 생활체육 참여가 생활만족도에 미치는 영향을 파악하여 생활체육 참여를 통한 건강증진과 각종 스트레스를 해소 및 국민들의 생활체육에 대한 인식과 관심을 제고하고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 할당표본추출(quota sampling)에 의거 서울특별시 영등포구 지역의 20대 일반 성인남녀 200명을 연구대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 조사는 2011년 4월 28일부터 5월 17일까지 실시되었다. 본 연구 결과를 도출하기 위해 수집된 자료를 IBM SPSS Statistics 19 프로그램을 사용하였고, 조사도구의 신뢰성을 보기 위해 생활만족도 Cronbach's 를 보았으며, 생활만족도의 하위변인들이 가지고 있는 요인을 살펴보기 위해 주성분분석을 이용한 요인분석을 실시하였다. 또한, 연구 대상자의 인구학적 특성을 살펴보기 위해 참여자와 비참여자를 구분하여 빈도분석을 실시하였으며, 생활체육 참여정도와 인구사회학적 요인에 따른 생활만족도 차이를 보기 위하여 비교 집단이 두 집단인 경우에는 t-test, 세 집단 이상인 경우에는 anova분석을 실시함으로써 집단 간에 만족도 점수가 차이가 나는지를 살펴보았다. 그리고 생활체육 참여정도에 따른 생활만족도의 영향의 차이를 보기 위해 각각의 하위변인별로 회귀분석(regression analysis)을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과를 간단히 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 생활체육 참여여부가 생활만족도에 미치는 영향의 차이를 검증한 결과, 생활체육 참여는 전반적·신체적·정신적·심리적·사회적 만족도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 생활체육 참여기간이 생활만족도에 미치는 영향의 차이를 검증한 결과, 참여기간은 생활만족도에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 생활체육 참여빈도가 생활만족도에 미치는 영향의 차이를 검증한 결과, 참여빈도는 신체적·심리적 만족도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 생활체육 1회 참여시간이 생활만족도에 미치는 영향의 차이를 검증한 결과, 1회 참여시간은 생활만족도에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 인구사회학적 요인에 따른 생활만족도의 차이를 검증한 결과, 젊은 층보다는 50대 이상, 월 소득 500만원 이상, 미혼자보다는 기혼자가 상대적으로 높은 생활만족도를 느끼는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 종합해 보면, 전반적으로 생활체육 참여자가 비참여자보다 높은 생활만족도를 느끼고 있는 것을 알 수 있고, 참여기간과 1회 참여시간보다는 참여빈도가 생활만족도에 유의미한 영향을 미친다는 사실을 알 수 있으며, 인구사회학적 요인에 따라 생활만족도에 유의한 차이가 있다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 따라서 보다 나은 삶의 질을 추구하기 위한 건전한 생활체육 참여는 국민들의 체력증진은 물론이고, 일상생활에서 오는 각종 스트레스를 해소하여 줄 뿐만 아니라 생활에 대한 만족도를 높여주어 생활체육활동 참여가 필요함을 보여주는 것이다.| The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of participating in sports-for-all on the life satisfaction for enhancing health through the participation, relieving various stresses for the people and improving the perception and interest in sports-for-all. For this, based on the quota sampling, the survey was conducted on 200 female and male adults in their twenties in Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, from April 28th to May 17th, 2011. To obtain the results, IBM SPSS Statistics 19 Program was used on the collected data and for the reliability of the research tool, Cronbach's was used. In addition, to examine the elements for sub factors in life satisfaction, the factor analysis was conducted using the principle component analysis. Furthermore, to examine the demographic characteristics of the subjects, the participants and non-participants were divided for the frequency analysis and to see the differences in life satisfaction according to the degree of participation and demographic factors, t-test was used if the comparison group consists of two groups. When the comparison group consists of more than three groups, ANOVA analysis was done to see if there is the difference in the scores on life satisfaction amongst the groups. Furthermore, to examine the difference in effects on life satisfaction according to the degree of participation in sports-for-all, regression analysis was conducted for each sub factor. The results from the analysis are summarized as follows. First, the participation in sports-for-all on the life satisfaction was explored and the findings showed that the participation in the sports-for-all had an impact on the overall, physical, mental, psychological and social satisfaction. Second, the effects of the period of participation in sports-for-all on life satisfaction were examined and it was found that the period of participation did not affect the life satisfaction. Third, the effects of the frequency of participation in sports-for-all on life satisfaction were examined and it was revealed that the frequency of participation did influence the physical and psychological satisfaction. Fourth, the examination on the effect of the duration of participation per session on life satisfaction showed that it did not affect life satisfaction. Fifth, the difference in life satisfaction according to the demographic factors indicated that the subjects in their fifties than in youth, those with over 5,000,000 won of monthly income, the married people more than the singles were found to feel relatively higher life satisfaction. Based on the combined results of the study, it was found that in general, the participants in sports-for-all had a higher life satisfaction overall than the non-participants and the frequency of participation had more significant impact on the life satisfaction than the period of participation and the duration of participation per session. Furthermore, based on the demographic factors, there was a significant difference in life satisfaction. Thus, it was concluded that the participation in healthy sports-for-all to pursue higher quality of living contributed to enhancing fitness for the citizens as well as relieving various stress and raise the satisfaction on life, indicating the need for the participation in sports-for-all activities.; The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of participating in sports-for-all on the life satisfaction for enhancing health through the participation, relieving various stresses for the people and improving the perception and interest in sports-for-all. For this, based on the quota sampling, the survey was conducted on 200 female and male adults in their twenties in Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, from April 28th to May 17th, 2011. To obtain the results, IBM SPSS Statistics 19 Program was used on the collected data and for the reliability of the research tool, Cronbach's was used. In addition, to examine the elements for sub factors in life satisfaction, the factor analysis was conducted using the principle component analysis. Furthermore, to examine the demographic characteristics of the subjects, the participants and non-participants were divided for the frequency analysis and to see the differences in life satisfaction according to the degree of participation and demographic factors, t-test was used if the comparison group consists of two groups. When the comparison group consists of more than three groups, ANOVA analysis was done to see if there is the difference in the scores on life satisfaction amongst the groups. Furthermore, to examine the difference in effects on life satisfaction according to the degree of participation in sports-for-all, regression analysis was conducted for each sub factor. The results from the analysis are summarized as follows. First, the participation in sports-for-all on the life satisfaction was explored and the findings showed that the participation in the sports-for-all had an impact on the overall, physical, mental, psychological and social satisfaction. Second, the effects of the period of participation in sports-for-all on life satisfaction were examined and it was found that the period of participation did not affect the life satisfaction. Third, the effects of the frequency of participation in sports-for-all on life satisfaction were examined and it was revealed that the frequency of participation did influence the physical and psychological satisfaction. Fourth, the examination on the effect of the duration of participation per session on life satisfaction showed that it did not affect life satisfaction. Fifth, the difference in life satisfaction according to the demographic factors indicated that the subjects in their fifties than in youth, those with over 5,000,000 won of monthly income, the married people more than the singles were found to feel relatively higher life satisfaction. Based on the combined results of the study, it was found that in general, the participants in sports-for-all had a higher life satisfaction overall than the non-participants and the frequency of participation had more significant impact on the life satisfaction than the period of participation and the duration of participation per session. Furthermore, based on the demographic factors, there was a significant difference in life satisfaction. Thus, it was concluded that the participation in healthy sports-for-all to pursue higher quality of living contributed to enhancing fitness for the citizens as well as relieving various stress and raise the satisfaction on life, indicating the need for the participation in sports-for-all activities.