개발기술 사업화 관점에서의 R&D정책기획 의사결정방안 연구

Abstract

일반적으로 기업의 궁극적인 기술개발 목표는 기술개발 성공의 차원을 넘어 기술을 적용하여 생산한 제품을 이용한 사업의 성공에 있다. 그러나 비즈니스를 하는 기업의 입장에서 당연하다고 생각할 수 있는 이러한 시각이 기술개발성공에만 몰입되어 기업은 물론 국가의 연구개발지원을 위한 기획단계에서 충분히 고려되지 못했던 부분이 있다. 이러한 모습은 개발기술의 기술적인 수준과 사업화 성공과는 일치하지 않을 수 있다는 것과 시장에서의 치열한 경쟁현실을 경험하면서 바뀌고 있다. 본 연구는「개발하려고 하는 기술을 향후 사업화했을 때 어느 정도 성과를 얻을 수 있겠는가」하는 시각을 R&D정책기획을 수립할 때 체계적으로 반영할 수 있는 접근방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 첫째 R&D기획단계에서 기술의 사업화 관점에서 주요 고려해야 할 요인을 도출하고 최근 R&D과제별 지원예산규모와의 상관성 여부를 실증 분석하였다.둘째기술정책기획시예산배분의효율성(Theefficiencyofbudget allocation) 관점으로 특정 기술 분야에 지원된 정부 지원예산 수준을 분석하고이를접근방법으로제시하였다. 효율성 측정과 판단 방법은 우선 연구개발과제와 관련기술 및 관련제품과의 연관관계를 정의하고 네트워크 분석기법을 이용하여 기술과 제품 간의 연계유형과기술을중심으로한투자효율성을측정하는방법을사용하였다. 이러한 접근방법에 의한 연구결과는 일차적으로 R&D지원정책의사결정 시 기술의 사업화와 관련하여 효과적인 투자성과를 기대할 수 있는 분야 또는 대상을 결정하기 위한 의사결정기준을 마련하는데 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 또한 궁극적으로는 R&D정책기획 부문에서 의사결정 기준이 예산을 지원하는 기술의 연구개발을 완성한다는 일차적인 목표에서 제품화 및 상용화라는 보다 근본적인 목표로 확장되는데 일조할 수 있을 것이다. |The ultimate goal of a corporate is not just in successful development of a new technology but in business success by applying the technology. However, this viewpoint, very natural in business perspective, was not so natural for companies with their main focus on technologies only, and the perspective did not receive enough attention during the planning phase of national R&D support. But, the perception has been changing as it is known to many that the high development technology level does not always mean successful business along with experiences from highly competitive market reality. This research would like to present an approach to systematically reflect the viewpoint of 「How much output will the developing technology bring if it is commercialized into products in the future?」into R&D policy planning. To achieve the goal, first, the main factors to consider from technology commercialization perspective are produced in R&D planning phase, and the correlation between each recent R&D project and its budget support scale was empirically analyzed. Second, from the efficiency of Budget allocation perspective during technology policy planning, government budget support level over a certain technology was analyzed, and it was presented as the approach. The methods to measure and determine the efficiency is, first, to define the relationship between R&D project and relevant technologies and products. Then, using network analysis technique, the methods to measure investment efficiency focused on the technology and type of relationship between technology and product are used. The research conclusions from these approaches could be used, first in providing a decision-making criteria for selecting an area or target project from which the most efficient investment output can be anticipated in relation to technology commercialization during R&D support policy decision making process. Eventually, it will also contribute to expand the decision-making criteria in R&D policy planing phase from the primary goal of completing the funded R&D project to more fundamental goal of commercialization and producing products.; The ultimate goal of a corporate is not just in successful development of a new technology but in business success by applying the technology. However, this viewpoint, very natural in business perspective, was not so natural for companies with their main focus on technologies only, and the perspective did not receive enough attention during the planning phase of national R&D support. But, the perception has been changing as it is known to many that the high development technology level does not always mean successful business along with experiences from highly competitive market reality. This research would like to present an approach to systematically reflect the viewpoint of 「How much output will the developing technology bring if it is commercialized into products in the future?」into R&D policy planning. To achieve the goal, first, the main factors to consider from technology commercialization perspective are produced in R&D planning phase, and the correlation between each recent R&D project and its budget support scale was empirically analyzed. Second, from the efficiency of Budget allocation perspective during technology policy planning, government budget support level over a certain technology was analyzed, and it was presented as the approach. The methods to measure and determine the efficiency is, first, to define the relationship between R&D project and relevant technologies and products. Then, using network analysis technique, the methods to measure investment efficiency focused on the technology and type of relationship between technology and product are used. The research conclusions from these approaches could be used, first in providing a decision-making criteria for selecting an area or target project from which the most efficient investment output can be anticipated in relation to technology commercialization during R&D support policy decision making process. Eventually, it will also contribute to expand the decision-making criteria in R&D policy planing phase from the primary goal of completing the funded R&D project to more fundamental goal of commercialization and producing products.