국내 친환경 건축물 인증제도의 BIM기반 평가를 위한 설계지원 시스템 프로토타입 개발에 관한 연구

Abstract

친환경건축에 대한 국제적 관심과 정부의 녹색성장정책에 힘입어 환경과 관련된 사회적 관심이 증대되고 있다. 이를 반영하듯 대부분의 국가에서는 녹색건축물 확산을 유도하기 위한 자국의 기준을 반영한 친환경 건축물 인증제도를 시행하고 있다. 미국의 LEED(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), 영국의 BREEAM(BRE Environmental Assessment Method), 일본의CASBEE(Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency), 국내에서는 G-SEED(Green Standard for Energy and Evironmental Design)가 대표적인 예이다. 친환경건축물인증제도(G-SEED)에 부합하는 건축물을 구축하기 위해선 초기설계 단계부터 보다 효율적인 BIM기반 설계가 수반되어야 한다. 하지만 친환경 인증제도(G-SEED)를 반영한 지속가능한(Sustainable) 건축물을 실현하기위한 접근 방법은 아직 초기 단계에 있다. 현재 대부분의 설계작업 형태는 계획된 디자인을 전달하는데 있어 2차원 기반의 도면기호를 통해 표현되는 기존방식으로 진행되고 있다. 2차원 기반의 작업 중 설계자 및 평가자의 인지한계에 따른 도면에 표시한 정보유실의 문제점이 나타난다. 이것은 설계자가 입력하는 건축물의 속성정보(Property Information)를 신속하게 처리하고 판단하여 속성정보(Property Information)들을 원활하게 피드백 할 수 있는 시스템구축이 부족하기 때문이다. 또한 2차원기반의 설계방식은 잦은 설계변경에 따른 작업의 반복으로 인해 설계자의 업무효율을 떨어뜨린다. 본 연구에서는 친환경건축물인증제도(G-SEED) 평가 항목들에 대한 정보들을 BIM기반 플랫폼으로 구축된 GBT(Green BIM Template)를 개발하여 설계자의 친환경건축물인증제도(G-SEED)의 효율적인 접근을 유도하는 것을 목적으로 한다.

본연구는 다음과 같은 방법으로 진행되었다. 첫째, 서론에서는 연구의 배경 및 목적, 범위 및 방법에 대해 살펴보았고 둘째, 관련 연구 고찰을 통해 사전연구에 대해 분석하여 현존하는 연구의한계성을 파악하여 연구의 필요성을 찾아보고 기존 연구를 통해 활용 과정을 정리한다. 또한 친환경 건축물 인증제도를 분석하여 BIM기반 적용가능성을 알아 보았다. 셋째, 설계지원 시스템 개발에 관한 연구의 제한범위를 설정하고 시스템의구성체계를 도출하였다. 시스템의 기준이 되는 국내설계도서작성기준과 친환경 건축물 인증제도를 분석하여 설계단계별 친환경 건축물 인증제도 요구속성 정보를 도출하였다. 세부 평가항목의 검토 및 도출과정을 통해 설계지원 시스템의 프로토타입을 개발하였다. 넷째, 개발된 설계지원 시스템 프로토타입을 검증하기 위하여 실제 모델링을 진행하여 적용시켜 보았고 설계단계별 친환경 건축물 인증제도 요구속성정보를 추출해 보았다. 이를 토대로 GBT를 통한 BIM기반 친환경 설계 프로세스를 제안하였다. 마지막으로 개발된 설계지원 시스템의 특징을 파악하고 시사점 및 한계점을 파악하며, 향후 연구방향 및 발전계획을 수립하였다. 개발된 설계지원 시스템을 활용하여 국내 친환경 건축물 인증제도의 BIM적용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었고 설계지원 시스템 프로토타입을 통해 기존설계 방식과는 다른 친환경 인증제도 접근을 지원할 수 있을 것이다.|Global interests in environmental-friendly construction and green-growth policy of the government have increased environment-related social concerns. In most countries, green-building certification system is already in the process to expand green-building under their standards. LEED in the US (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), BREEAM in the UK (BRE Environmental Assessment Method), CASBEE in Japan (Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency), and G-SEED in Korea (Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design) are the typical examples of such system.

In order to construct buildings in accordance with G-SEED, BIM-based design must be supplemented from the initial design stage, but G-SEED applied sustainable building approach is still in its beginning stage. Most forms of design work these days still use two-dimensional symbols. However, in the process of two-dimensional based process, some information loss occurs due to the limitation of users’ cognitive knowledge, and it leads to failure of transferring information successfully. This is because immediate feedback system on property information of buildings input by users after the data is quickly processed is insufficient. Also, two-dimensional based method decreases work efficiency by repeating works due to frequent design changes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose BIM-based platform designed GBT (Green BIM Template) on G-SEED evaluation factors to introduce a more effective approach to G-SEED.

This study was done as follows. First, the background, purpose, limitation, and method of this study were proposed in the introduction. Second, the application plan was developed after examining the limitations of existing study and the need of the new research through the analysis of related previous researches. Additionally, BIM-based applicability was examined through the analysis of G-SEED. Third, limits on design-support system development researches were set to draw the configuration of the system. By analyzing national design standard and G-SEED, required building information in each G-SEED stage was elicited. Review and derivation of detailed evaluation items, the prototype of design-support system was finally developed. Fourth, virtual modeling was done in order to verify the developed prototype and required building information in each G-SEEED stage was extracted. Based on this, BIM-based environmental-friendly design process using GBT was proposed. Finally, the implications and limitations of the new design-support system were understood, and the future development plans and goals on this research were established.

BIM-based applicability of domestic G-SEED was confirmed using the design-support system developed in this research and this prototype can be differently approached to other environmental-friendly certification system.; Global interests in environmental-friendly construction and green-growth policy of the government have increased environment-related social concerns. In most countries, green-building certification system is already in the process to expand green-building under their standards. LEED in the US (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), BREEAM in the UK (BRE Environmental Assessment Method), CASBEE in Japan (Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency), and G-SEED in Korea (Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design) are the typical examples of such system.

In order to construct buildings in accordance with G-SEED, BIM-based design must be supplemented from the initial design stage, but G-SEED applied sustainable building approach is still in its beginning stage. Most forms of design work these days still use two-dimensional symbols. However, in the process of two-dimensional based process, some information loss occurs due to the limitation of users’ cognitive knowledge, and it leads to failure of transferring information successfully. This is because immediate feedback system on property information of buildings input by users after the data is quickly processed is insufficient. Also, two-dimensional based method decreases work efficiency by repeating works due to frequent design changes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose BIM-based platform designed GBT (Green BIM Template) on G-SEED evaluation factors to introduce a more effective approach to G-SEED.

This study was done as follows. First, the background, purpose, limitation, and method of this study were proposed in the introduction. Second, the application plan was developed after examining the limitations of existing study and the need of the new research through the analysis of related previous researches. Additionally, BIM-based applicability was examined through the analysis of G-SEED. Third, limits on design-support system development researches were set to draw the configuration of the system. By analyzing national design standard and G-SEED, required building information in each G-SEED stage was elicited. Review and derivation of detailed evaluation items, the prototype of design-support system was finally developed. Fourth, virtual modeling was done in order to verify the developed prototype and required building information in each G-SEEED stage was extracted. Based on this, BIM-based environmental-friendly design process using GBT was proposed. Finally, the implications and limitations of the new design-support system were understood, and the future development plans and goals on this research were established.

BIM-based applicability of domestic G-SEED was confirmed using the design-support system developed in this research and this prototype can be differently approached to other environmental-friendly certification system.