Asymmetric thermally rearranged polybenzoxazole hollow fiber membranes were fabricated by non-solvent induced separation (NIPS) process. The dope solution, composed of polymer, solvent and non-solvent, was determined in several steps for spinning hollow fiber membranes such as solubility parameter, viscosity measurement, and ternary phase diagram. Attempts were made to investigate the correlation between the changes in factors, including the dope and bore flow rates as well as the proportion of non-solvent. After spinning, the cross sectional morphology of hollow fiber membrane was analyzed by FE-SEM. Single gas permeance and selectivity of TR-PBO hollow fiber membranes were measured.