트램폴린 운동이 발목의 불안정성 지표, 근활성도, 그리고 기능적 수행능력에 미치는 영향

Abstract

국 문 요 지

본 연구의 목적은 트램폴린 운동이 발목의 불안정성 지표, 근활성도, 그리고 기능적 수행능력에 미치는 영향을 분석함으로써 만성 발목 불안정성(CAI)을 예방하고 발목 재활에 효과적이고 구체적인 운동방법을 제시하는 것이다. 연구 대상은 서울시 소재 H대학에 재학중인 20대 대학생 24명을 모집하여, 발목 염좌의 유무와 불안정성 여부에 따라 통제군인 NI군(Not Injured)과 운동군인 INC군(Injured and Non-CAI), IC군(Injured and CAI)으로 나누어 실험을 실시하였다. 트램폴린 운동은 Tawney & Gast(1984)의 운동 프로그램을 본 연구의 목적에 맞게 동작을 추가하고 변형하여 준비운동(wrist stretching, ankle stretching, knee stretching, waist stretching, shoulder stretching, neck stretching) 5분, 본 운동(basic motion, jogging, stomping, right leg balance, left leg balance, combined balance, rebound, scissors, two on two) 30~60분, 정리운동(upper body stretch, lower body stretch, 4 way ankle stretch) 5분으로 회당 40-70분간 실시하였다. 발목의 불안정성 지표를 측정하기 위해 Docherty 등(2006)이 개발한 Ankle Instability Instrument(AII), Simon J(2012)가 개발한 Identification of Functional Ankle Instability(IdFAI), Docherty 등(2006)이 개발한 Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool(CAIT)을 사용하였고, 발목의 안정성에 영향을 미치는 근육인 앞정강근(Tibialis Anterior)과 장딴지근(Gastrocnemius)에 표면 근전도(sEMG)를 이용하여 근활성도를 확인하고, 발목의 기능적 수행 능력을 평가하기 위해 Romberg’s test, side hop test, figure-of-8 hop test, square hop test, y-balance test를 사용하여 집단 간 차이, 측정시간에 따른 차이, 그리고 상호작용을 분석하였다. 모든 변인의 측정은 운동 프로그램 전·후로 총 2번에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 자료처리와 분석을 위해 two-way repeated measures ANOVA(이원반복분산측정), Bonferroni 사후검증을 실시하였으며, WINDOWS용 SPSS/PC+ V21.0을 사용하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다.

첫째, 불안정성 지표의 변화는 운동 전·후 AII, IdFAI, CAIT에서 모두 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05).

둘째, 근활성도의 변화는 운동 전·후 앞정강근과 내측 장딴지근의 최대 근활성도에서 통계적으로 유의하였으나(p<.05), 운동 전·후 앞정강근과 내·외측 장딴지근의 정적 서기 자세에서의 근활성도에서는 차이가 없었다(p>.05).

셋째, 기능적 수행능력의 변화는 운동 전·후 Romberg’s test, Side hop test, Figure-of-8 hop test, Square hop test, Y-balance test에서 모두 유의하였다(p<.05).

본 연구의 결과를 종합해보면 트램폴린 운동은 불안정성 지표, 최대 근활성도, 기능적 수행능력을 효과적으로 개선시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서, 6주 간의 트램폴린 운동은 발목의 상해 예방 및 재활에 효과적인 운동방법으로 사료된다.|ABSTRACT

The Effects of Trampoline Exercise onAnkle’s CAI Index, Muscle Activation, and Functional Performance

Kim, Ji Seok Dept. of Physical Education The Graduate School of Hanyang University

The purpose of this research is to provide an effective and specific exercise program to prevent CAI by investigating the effect of trampoline exercise on ankle’s CAI index, muscle activation, and functional performance. 24 young-aged(20~29 year old) subjects at the Hanyang University were recruited. All the participants were divided into three groups; ABSTRACT

The Effects of Trampoline Exercise onAnkle’s CAI Index, Muscle Activation, and Functional Performance

Kim, Ji Seok Dept. of Physical Education The Graduate School of Hanyang University

The purpose of this research is to provide an effective and specific exercise program to prevent CAI by investigating the effect of trampoline exercise on ankle’s CAI index, muscle activation, and functional performance. 24 young-aged(20~29 year old) subjects at the Hanyang University were recruited. All the participants were divided into three groups; one control group and two exercise groups in accordance with ankle sprain experience and suffering CAI or not. Trampoline exercise training program for this research was provided 3 days/week for 6 weeks and consisted of warming up exercise(5 min), main exercise(30~60 min), and cool down exercise(5 min), for a total of 40-70 min exercise per each session. CAI index(Ankle Instability Instrument, Identification of Functional Ankle Instability, Cumberland Ankle Instability), muscle activation, functional performance(Romberg’s test, Side hop test, Figure-of-8 hop test, Square hop test, Y-balance test) were measured before and after training. Data analysis was done using statistical software program SPSS/PC+ V20.0 for WINDOWS. two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine between and within groups. stastical significance was set at p<.05. The results of the research were as follows : 1) There was a significant difference in Ankle Instability Instrument, Identification of Functional Ankle Instability, and Cumberland Ankle Instability between before training and after training(p<.05). 2) There was a significant difference in tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius’s maximum muscle activation between before training and after training(p<.05), although there was no difference in tibialis anterior and medial·lateral gastrocnemius’s quiet standing posture’s muscle activation between before training and after training(p<.05). 3) There was a significant difference in changes of Romberg’s test, Side hop test, Figure-of-8 hop test, Square hop test and Y-balance test(p<.05). In conclusion, trampoline exercise training improves CAI index, muscle activation, and functional performance. The results suggested that trampoline exercise program may be beneficial on prevention and rehabilitation of ankle injury.