청소년이 지각한 부모의 조건부 관심이 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향: 정서인식명확성의 매개효과

Abstract

본 연구에서는 청소년이 지각한 부모의 조건부 관심이 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향에서 정서인식명확성이 매개하는지를 살펴보았다. 이에 대한 연구 대상은 서울과 경기도 지역에 위치한 중·고등학생 846명으로 서울 소재 중·고등학교 2곳, 경기도 소재 중·고등학교 3곳을 대상으로 설문조사를하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS statistics 22.0을 이용하여 분석하였으며 구체적인 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 연구 문제1. 청소년이 지각하는 부모의 조건부 관심(관심강화, 관심철회,자율성 지지)이 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향은 어떠한가? 연구 문제2. 청소년이 지각하는 부모의 조건부 관심(관심강화, 관심철회,자율성 지지)이 심리적 안녕감에 영향을 미칠 때 청소년의 정서인식명확성은 매개 역할을 하는가? 연구 도구로는 부모의 조건부 관심 척도, 정서인식명확성 척도, 심리적 안녕감 척도를 사용하였다. 본 연구의 주요한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청소년이 부모의 관심과 애정을 조건부로 지각했을 경우 정서인식명확성과 심리적 안녕감이 낮아졌으며 부모가 자녀의 자율성을 지지하는 경우로 지각했을 때 청소년은 정서인식명확성을 높이고 심리적 안녕감에 정적영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째. 각 변인이 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았을 때 부모의 조건부 관심강화, 관심 철회는 심리적 안녕감에 부적 영향을 나타냈으며 자율성 지지, 부모의 조건부 관심 전체, 정서인식명확성은 정적 영향을 나타냈다. 셋째, 부모의 조건부관심과 정서인식명확성을 동시적으로 투입하여 심리적 안녕감의 설명력을 살펴보았을 때, 각 변인 전체는 심리적 안녕감을 28.7% 유의하게 설명하였으며 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향을 순서대로 살펴보면, 부모의 자율성 지지, 정서인식명확성, 관심철회, 관심강화로 나타났다. 넷째, 부모의 조건부 관심이 심리적 안녕감에 영향을 미칠 때 정서인식명확성의 매개 효과를 검증하였는데 관심강화와 자율성 지지가 심리적 안녕감에 영향을 미칠 때 정서인식명확성은 부분매개 효과를 보였으며 관심철회의 경우는 정서인식명확성이 심리적 안녕감에 완전매개 효과를 보였다. 한편 부모의 조건부 관심 전체는 정서인식명확성에 직접 미치는 영향이 유의하지 않기 때문에 매개 효과를 확인할 수 없었다. 본 연구는 부모의 조건부 관심이 심리적 안녕감에 영향을 미칠 때 청소년 자신이 경험하는 정서를 스스로 알아차리고 이해할 수 있는 정서인식명확성의 중요성과 심리적 안녕감에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 확인하여 다음에 이루어질 수 있는 청소년의 심리적 안녕감 연구에 기여하고자 하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점, 후속 연구의 방향에 대하여 논의하였다| This study investigated the mediation effect of emotional clarity in the correlation between parental conditional regard perceived by adolescent onthe psychological well-being. For the study, a survey was conducted among 846 middle and high school students in 2 middle and high schools in Seoul and 3 in Gyeonggido. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS statistics 22.0. Specific research problems were as follows: Problem 1. What effects does parental conditional regard (positive conditional regard, negative regard, autonomy support) perceived by adolescent have on their psychological well-being? Problem 2. Regarding the effects of parental conditional regard (positive conditional regard, negative regard, autonomy support) perceived by adolescent on their psychological well-being, what mediating role does emotional clarity of adolescent play? As research tools, the parental conditional regard scale, emotional clarity scale, and psychological well-being scale were used. The results of the study were as follows: First, when the adolescent perceived attention and affection of the parents as being conditional, their emotional clarity and psychological well-being decreased, and, when they perceived autonomy support from the parents, it had positive effects on their clarity and psychological well-being. Second, regarding the effects of each variable on psychological well-being, parental positive conditional regard and conditional negative regard had negative effects on psychological well-being, and autonomy support, parental conditional regard, and emotional clarity had positive effects. Third, regarding the explanatory power of psychological well-being with both parental conditional regard and emotional clarity considered simultaneously, each of the variables explained 28.7% of psychological well-being. Psychological well-being was most influenced by parental autonomy support, emotional clarity, negative regard, and positive conditional regard in the order. Fourth, regarding the mediation effect of emotional clarity in the correlation between parental conditional attention and psychological well-being, when positive conditional regard and autonomy support had effects on psychological well-being, emotional clarity had a partial mediation effect, while negative regard had a complete mediation effect. Meanwhile, parental conditional regard did not have significant direct effects on emotional clarity and, therefore, its mediation effect could not be verified. This study attempted to contribute to future research on psychological well-being of adolescent by investigating the importance of emotional clarity, which help adolescents realize their own emotion when parental conditional regard has effects on their psychological well-being, and the factors that influence psychological well-being. Lastly, the study mentioned its limitations and discussed a direction for future research related to the subject.; This study investigated the mediation effect of emotional clarity in the correlation between parental conditional regard perceived by adolescent onthe psychological well-being. For the study, a survey was conducted among 846 middle and high school students in 2 middle and high schools in Seoul and 3 in Gyeonggido. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS statistics 22.0. Specific research problems were as follows: Problem 1. What effects does parental conditional regard (positive conditional regard, negative regard, autonomy support) perceived by adolescent have on their psychological well-being? Problem 2. Regarding the effects of parental conditional regard (positive conditional regard, negative regard, autonomy support) perceived by adolescent on their psychological well-being, what mediating role does emotional clarity of adolescent play? As research tools, the parental conditional regard scale, emotional clarity scale, and psychological well-being scale were used. The results of the study were as follows: First, when the adolescent perceived attention and affection of the parents as being conditional, their emotional clarity and psychological well-being decreased, and, when they perceived autonomy support from the parents, it had positive effects on their clarity and psychological well-being. Second, regarding the effects of each variable on psychological well-being, parental positive conditional regard and conditional negative regard had negative effects on psychological well-being, and autonomy support, parental conditional regard, and emotional clarity had positive effects. Third, regarding the explanatory power of psychological well-being with both parental conditional regard and emotional clarity considered simultaneously, each of the variables explained 28.7% of psychological well-being. Psychological well-being was most influenced by parental autonomy support, emotional clarity, negative regard, and positive conditional regard in the order. Fourth, regarding the mediation effect of emotional clarity in the correlation between parental conditional attention and psychological well-being, when positive conditional regard and autonomy support had effects on psychological well-being, emotional clarity had a partial mediation effect, while negative regard had a complete mediation effect. Meanwhile, parental conditional regard did not have significant direct effects on emotional clarity and, therefore, its mediation effect could not be verified. This study attempted to contribute to future research on psychological well-being of adolescent by investigating the importance of emotional clarity, which help adolescents realize their own emotion when parental conditional regard has effects on their psychological well-being, and the factors that influence psychological well-being. Lastly, the study mentioned its limitations and discussed a direction for future research related to the subject.