The influence of ultrasound on porphyrin-based metallogel formation: efficient control of H- and J-type aggregations

Abstract

Efficient control of aggregation modes of the porphyrin-Pd(2+) complexes by ultrasonication and heating is reported. A porphyrin-based metallogel is formed in the presence of Pd(2+), which displays H-type aggregation. Heating the porphyrin derivative in the presence of Pd(2+), however, results in J-type aggregation that does not produce a gel. Conclusive evidence was found that the crystal structure of the related porphyrin-Pd(2+) complex obtained by heating shows J-type aggregation.