개정판 외상 사건에 대한 아동 반응척도의 요인타당도 및 정신측정학적 성질 연구

Abstract

이 연구는 최근 외상을 경험한 초등학교 고학년을 대상으로 K-CRTES-R의 신뢰도와 타당도를 입증하여 한국 학령아동들에게 유용하게 쓰일 수 있는 도구임을 시사받았다. 저자들은 2주 검사-재검사, 내적 일치도, 수렴 및 구별 타당도,요인타당도에서 우수한 수준의 결과를 보고하는 바이다.Objectives Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children is prevalent and often persists for many years after the trauma. Therefore, screening and early detection using psychometrically sound instruments is a pivotal element of appropriate management. This study tested the reliability and validity of a Korean version of the Child Reaction to Traumatic Events Scale-Revised (K-CRTES-R) in a sample of recently traumatized school children.Methods The K-CRTES was administered to a total of 464 school children aged ten to twelve who had witnessed or had been confronted with a tragic accident involving three deaths. Internal consistency, two week test-retest reliability, and construct validity were assessed. A non-random portion of participants also completed the State Anxiety Inventory and the Subjective Unit of Distress Scale for testing convergent validity. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted for a random half of participants (n=232), and, for the remaining half, we tested the model fit by performance of confirmatory factor analysis.Results Two week test-retest reliability was high (r=0.85), and internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach α=0.92). The total score for the K-CRTES-R showed significant correlation with state anxiety and subjective level of anxiety, thus confirming its convergent validity. In addition, the K-CRTES-R distinguished between direct exposure and indirect confrontation, demonstrating the discriminant validity of the scale. In addition, we confirmed the factorial validity by identifying a two-factor structure (intrusion-hyperarousal and avoidance) that explained 56% of the total variance. This two factor solution and other previously suggested PTSD models showed fit indices that were within an acceptable range.Conclusion Findings of our study indicate that the K-CRTES-R is a good measure of reliability and validity that can be used to assess the impact of trauma in Korean speaking children.