Itaconic Acid-based Superabsorbent Polymer Composites Using Cellulose with Enhanced Absorption Properties and Heat Resistance

Abstract

The polymerization of itaconic acid is generally characterized by a slow polymerization rate and poor network formation. This results in a polymer with low absorption properties. To improve absorption properties and for use in the hygiene industry, we have been researching superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) based on itaconic acid precursors. In this study, poly(itaconic acid-co-acrylic acid) composites using cellulose, a natural polymer, were synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization, and the surface-crosslinking of the SAP composites was introduced. We characterized the structure of SAP composites using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. We also measured absorption properties such as centrifuge retention capacity (CRC), absorbency under load (AUL), and permeability in 0.9 wt.% saline solution. We confirmed the synthesis conditions of SAP composites by crosslinker type, cellulose content, and surface-crosslinking conditions. We found the best performance of an SAP with a CRC of 27.8 g/g, AUL of 21.1 g/g, and permeability of 61 s at 5 g input cellulose. In addition, surface characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, and thermal stabilities were analyzed by thermo gravimetric analysis.