Bit error floor of multi-level phase modulation with noisy phase reference

Abstract

A simple method is proposed for the derivation of bit error floor (BEF) expressions of multi- level phase modulations with noisy phase reference based on the geometric features of constellations. To validate the result, average BEF expressions of 8 + 8 and 4 + 12 amplitude and phase- shift keyings adopted in digital video broadcasting- satellite 2 extensions are derived and consultative committee for space data systems, and analyse the results.