Green Retrofitting Simulation for Sustainable Commercial Buildings in China

Abstract

Green retrofit is regarded as an effective tool to relieve the environmental measure to reduce Greenhouse gas emission for the high energy consumption of commercial buildings as well as bringing economic benefit. However, present retrofitting rate is lower than expected effect for the complex participating structure. Therefore, upon China’s governmental policy analysing this multiple interaction is essential to reach green retrofit target. Previous research focusses more on single economic or technical method, new green construction, or Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model. This paper discusses the method on how to stimulate green renovation among multiple agent: government, property management company and occupied enterprises through China’s commercial buildings including receivable social benefit. A dynamic game is demonstrated to ratiocinate optimised scenario to satisfy multiple benefit in response to compare to mainly applied PPP model. First, an evolutionary game theory is applied to determine the multiple interaction mechanism of behaviours between three agents. Second, we demonstrate the key factors and verify the reasons for relatively opposite behaviour of developers and occupants. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to distinguish detailed set parameters. On the basis we proposed phaseouts to help develop green retrofit promotion (1) Occupants have less sensitivity with varied conditions for its vulnerable economic scale, more friendly policy environment is essential to support. (2) Government financial supports such as subsidy or compensate costs can strongly lead to more positive behaviour of developers to promote, (3) Life-cycle awareness of developers should be improved, afterwards, reasonable energy-saving performance can act as a key motivation factor to support green renovation. This research provides a comparative perspective in contract to PPP model retrofit and policy decision-making