대기행렬 모형을 활용한 공동주택 건설 프로젝트 골조공사의 인적자원 배치

Abstract

제한된 상황에서 자원을 최적 배치하여 할당된 작업을 처리하는 문제는 매우 다양한 연구 분야에서 다뤄졌다. 건설 프로젝트의 대기와 낭비 같은 불확실성을 해결하기 위해 다양한 연구 방법론이 제기되었지만, 건설 생산 시스템의 복잡성을 고려하지는 못했다. 본 연구에서는 건설 생산 시스템을 서비스되어야 할 작업 요소(work package)와 서비스를 제공하는 요소(work group)로 단순화한 연구 접근 방식을 제안하였다. 그리고 queueing model의 성과 지표를 활용한 분석 결과, 자원의 배치에 따른 시스템의 상태를 모니터링할 수 있었다. 또한, work group의 추가 배치, work package의 activity cycle에 따른 성과 지표의 개선을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 제시한 프레임워크는 경험적인 지식을 토대로 입력된 데이터에 따라 시스템의 상태를 정량적으로 분석할 수 있게 도와 주지만, 최적화된 resource allocation solution을 제시해 주지 못하는 한계점이 있다. 따라서, 향후 연구에서는 복합적인 의사결정 문제를 해결해서 최적 솔루션을 제공해줄 수 있는 머신러닝 기술의 접목도 고려해야 한다|Abstract

Human Resource Allocation for Frame Construction of Apartment Construction Project using Queueing Model

Kim, Woong-ki Directed by Prof. Kim, Jae-Jun Department of Architectural Engineering, The Graduate School of Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea

The problem of optimal allocation of resources in limited circumstances to handle assigned tasks has been addressed in a wide variety of research fields. Various research methodologies have been proposed to address uncertainties such as waiting and waste in construction projects. However, existing studies did not take into account the complexity of the construction production system. This study raises research questions about uncertainty due to waiting and waste in apartment construction projects through theoretical considerations and actual project investigations. To solve this problem, the queuing model was utilized as a research approach to simplify the complex construction production system. The queuing model is used for monitoring the condition of the manufacturing system and optimizing the deployment plan. In this study, using this model, a methodology for allocating human resources for the frame construction of apartment construction construction was proposed. This methodology can be used in decision making to determine the appropriate number of people to input in consideration of the amount of work in the frame construction and the productivity of a professional construction company that handles the work. In particular, this study analyzed the state of the system in which apartment construction works are performed by using actual data from case projects on the management standards of professional construction companies that are put into apartment construction work. Through this state analysis result, the performance of the system according to several human resource allocation situations was analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was difficult to control the total amount of work during the construction period, so it was necessary to improve the way work was handled. In other words, the service provider needs to establish an appropriate process plan to handle the assigned work and to allocate optimal resources to minimize waiting and waste. In this respect, this study can be used as a methodology to support process planning and management, resource allocation, and system status monitoring. Based on the results of this study, some practical implications are presented as follows. First, a research approach considering the uncertainty of the construction project was proposed. Through a manufacturing-based research approach, the production system of complex apartment construction has been simplified into work packages and workgroups. Second, a methodology for allocating human resources through a simplified research approach and the queuing theory of management science for complex apartment construction projects was presented. This methodology can support decision-making on the human resource allocation of professional contractors in construction planning. In this methodology, the queuing model was used as a decision support model that can monitor the system status according to various scenarios based on empirical knowledge. Despite the practical usefulness derived from this study, the limitations of the study are summarized as follows. This research methodology does not solve all of the empirical decision-making in the field, which is the research problem that was initially raised. The queuing model that supports decision-making in this methodology helps to quantitatively analyze the state of the system according to the input data based on empirical knowledge. However, it does not provide an optimized resource allocation solution because it is learned based on accumulated experience. Therefore, in future research, it is necessary to study human resource allocation considering quantitative quantity information for one work package and productivity data for unit work. That is, a method that can support optimal decision-making is needed by considering the economic feasibility review of the input of one working group composed of a large number of people and the adjustment of human resource allocation. In order to solve such complex decision-making problems, the application of machine learning technology, which is emerging recently, should be considered. In addition, in terms of expanding the knowledge area, it is also necessary to expand the physical construction site, such as finishing construction.