Association of Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity with Risk of Osteoporosis and Bone Mass in Korean Women: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2011

Abstract

Antioxidant intake has been suggested to be associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis, but the effect of dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) on bone health and the risk of osteoporosis is not clear. The aim of the present study was to assess the hypothesis that dietary TAC is positively associated with bone mass and negatively related to the risk of osteoporosis in Korean women. This cross-sectional study was performed using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2008–2011. Dietary TAC was estimated by using task automation technique and algorithm from 24-hour recall data using a TAC database comprising antioxidant capacities of 42 dietary antioxidants. A total of 8,230 pre- and post-menopausal women were divided into four groups according to quartiles of dietary TAC. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess relationships between dietary TAC with bone mass and the risk of osteoporosis. Dietary TAC was negatively associated with the risk of osteoporosis (odds ratio: 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.54–0.99; p-value=0.045) in postmenopausal women, but not in premenopausal women. Dietary TAC was positively associated with bone mineral content and bone mineral density of the femoral neck and lumbar spine in postmenopausal women, and bone mineral content of the total femur and lumbar spine in premenopausal women. The present study suggested that dietary TAC was inversely associated with the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, and positively associated with bone mass in both pre- and post- menopausal women. A further long-term cohort or intervention study will be necessary to confirm the effect of a high dietary TAC diet on bone health and the risk of osteoporosis.