박물관 건축에서의 대공간(Major Space)의 기능적 변화와 공간 구성적 특성

Abstract

박물관건축의 대공간의 역할과 기능에 관하여 그 역사적 변화를 살펴보았다. 결론적으로 현대의 박물관에서는 대공간의 기능과 역할이 다양해지고 있으며 이러한 특성은 공공박물관으로 가는 가장 중요한 고려사항으로 여겨지고 있음을 밝히고 있다.

This study tries to find out the characteristics and functional changes of a major space in museums. In so doing, the study suggests that the major space of a museum is a significant architectural element reflecting the contemporary public museum. In this respect, it can be said that to design a real public meseum in a true sense, it is first of all necessary to find out the intrinsic characteristics and the functional changes of the major space in museums. By definition, the major space is generally classified into two types: Corridor type and Rotunda type. the function of Rotuda type has been gradully changed from a symbolic space to multi-functional space such as exhibition, orientation, gathering, focal point, and so on. On the other hand, the Corridor thpe which had only the function of movement has shown weveral functions such as exhibition, centrality, resting and so on. In some museums recently built, however, it is commonly seen that the two different types are unified in some senses. As a result, it can be seen that the changes shown in the major space correspond with the changes of the social role of museums. That is, it is now suggested that the major space has a clue towards a public museum. The major space of recently built museums has multi-functions: exhibition, information, resting, shopping, and so on. In addition, the major space has close relationship through visual integration with other area such as exhibition area, education area and service area. These characteristics of the major space of recent museums can give delightful social experience to the visitors.