문화적 저항과 교육적 대안: 재일 조선학교의 민족정체성 재생산

Abstract

Korean ethnic schools in Japan, which are run by the 'Chongryun' Korean who are supportive of North Korean government, were established under the repression of modern Japanese nation-state ideologies which emphasizes the myth of homogeneity. They have been raising their young generation with language, values, and norms distinctively different from the dominant Japanese society. This paper examines their ideological resistance and educational alternatives, and finds the meaning of their educational practices for reproducing Korean ethnic identity. 등록된 정보가 없습니다. North Korean ethnic schools are not officially certified by the Ministry of Education in Japan. Therefore, the graduations are not recognized, and the parents have to pay tuition for primary and secondary educations which are nationally supported. The curriculum is strikingly different from that of most Japanese schools. This educational practice, which is hard to understand from the common sense viewpoint of modern Japanese society, is conscientiously maintained by a significant portion of the Koreans in Japan. This group, which is thoroughly resistant to the dominant logic of Japanese society, is producing and reproducing an ethnic minority culture through their educational practice. The harsher the repression and discrimination of the overwhelming majority, and the heavier the pressure for unilateral assimilation, the stronger the resistance of this minority group becomes, even up to the point of extreme separatism. 등록된 정보가 없습니다. Through an ethnographic study on the practices of North Korean schools in Japan, the distinctive reproduction process of ethnic identities and the boundaries as a minority group is examined. From this case study at the border, the questions to the contemporary Korean identity which often does not distinguish the 'national' and the 'ethnic' identity are raised. Since Koreans are the majority in two separated nation-states and they are the minority in four powerful nations(China, USA, Japan, and Russia), the ideology of homogeneous nation-state creates fundamental problems. As the walls of the cold-war are lowered, Koreans divided by national and ideological boundaries start to meet. The need for new critical definition of Korean ethnic identities which overcome the limits of the single national identity based on the concept of a homogeneous nation-state is discussed.