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교사가 지각한 교사-유아관계가 유아의 사회적 능력에 미치는 영향

Title
교사가 지각한 교사-유아관계가 유아의 사회적 능력에 미치는 영향
Other Titles
A teacher-child relationship and its influence on the social competence of a child : Analyzing a survey from teachers.
Author
조상흔
Alternative Author(s)
Cho, Sang-Heun
Advisor(s)
윤성인
Issue Date
2007-02
Publisher
한양대학교
Degree
Master
Abstract
최근 유아들이 유아교육기관에서 보내는 시간의 증가와 기관에 다니는 처음시기가 저 연령화 됨에 따라 교사와의 관계가 중요시되고 있어 본 연구자는 이러한 관계가 사회적 능력에도 큰 영향을 줄 것으로 보았다. 따라서 본 연구는 구체적으로 유아의 특성에 따라 교사-유아관계, 유아의 사회적 능력에 어떠한 차이가 있는지 살펴보고, 교사-유아관계가 유아의 사회적 능력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 연구대상은 서울, 경기에 소재하는 어린이집, 유치원에 다니고 있는 만 3,4,5세 유아 191명과 그 유아들의 교사 20명을 대상으로 질문지 조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 측정도구는 교사-유아 관계척도(Student-Teacher Relationship Scale; STRS, Pianta 1991)와 취학 전 유아 행동 척도(The Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scale; PKBS, Merell, 1994-1996)이다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 12.0 통계 프로그램을 사용하여 빈도와 백분율, cronbach's α, t-test, 일원 분산분석(one-way ANOVA), 다중 범위 검증(Duncan's multiple range test) 및 중다 회귀분석(multiple regression Analysis)을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사-유아관계는 성별, 나이에 의해서는 차이를 나타내지 않았으며 모취업에 의한 친밀과 출생순위에 의한 갈등과 의존에 대해서만 차이를 보였다. 모 취업여부에 의해서는 취업모의 유아가 비취업모의 유아보다 교사와 친밀한 것으로 나타났으며, 출생순위에 의해서는 외동이가 둘째보다 갈등이 높고, 외동이가 첫째, 둘째, 셋째보다 교사를 의존하는 경향이 있음을 나타내었다. 둘째, 유아의 사회적 기술은 성별과 나이에 의해서만 차이를 보였는데 여아가 남아보다 사회적 기술 즉 사회적 협력성, 상호작용, 독립성이 높은 것으로 나타났으며 나이에 의하면 만 3세가 만 4,5세 보다 사회적 협력성이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 유아의 행동문제는 성별, 모 취업여부, 나이, 출생순위에 의해 차이를 보였다. 남아가 여아보다 자기중심성, 행동과다, 공격성, 사회적 위축이 높게 나타났으며, 취업모의 유아가 비취업모의 유아보다 행동과다, 공격성, 사회적 위축이 높은 것으로 나타났고 만 3세가 만 4,5세보다 자기중심성, 행동과다, 공격성, 사회적 위축, 불안이 모두 높게 나타났다. 또한 외동이와 셋째가 둘째보다 불안이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 교사-유아관계가 사회적 기술에 미치는 영향을 살펴보면, 친밀할수록, 갈등과 의존이 낮을수록 유아의 사회적 협력성이 높고 친밀하고 갈등이 적을수록 사회적 상호작용이 높으며 친밀하고 의존이 적을수록 사회적 독립성이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 외재적 문제에서는 갈등이 높으면서 친밀할수록 자기중심성 행동과다가 높게 나타났고, 친밀하고 갈등이 많으며 의존이 적을수록 공격성이 높았다. 내재적 문제에서는 갈등이 높을수록 사회적 위축이 커졌으며 갈등이 높고 의존이 높을수록 불안은 커지는 것으로 나타났다. 이로써 교사와 친밀하고 갈등과 의존이 낮을수록 유아의 사회적 기술이 높으며 교사와 갈등이 높을수록 행동문제가 높게 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 결과를 통한 결론 및 제언은 다음과 같다. 긍정적인 교사-유아관계를 위해 교사들이 유아에 대해 파악하고 연구할 수 있도록 국가적 차원의 환경적인 뒷받침을 해주어야 할 것이며 한반 인원수의 조정과 정기적인 교사교육도 반드시 이루어져야 할 것으로 본다. 본 연구는 유아교육기관의 한정 표집과 교사1인의 보고에 의존한 점이 제한점이 되며 후속연구에서는 이러한 제한점과 함께 사회적 능력이 교사-유아관계에 미치는 영향에 대해서도 고려되어져야 할 것이다.; This study examines whether a child-teacher relationship in a preschool and kindergarten can influence the child’s overall social competence. If so, how the relationship affects the social competence? Can the influence be different based on the social peculiarity of a child determined by inherent factors such as gender, age, and the order in the family and extraneous factors such as the status of a mother’s working (i.e., working or not working)? This question is important to address because of the recent trend that more and more children go to this institution at an earlier age and more importantly they spend more time with their teachers. For this purpose, this thesis surveyed 191 preschoolers and kindergarteners who were in Seoul and Gyeonggi with an age of three, four and five and 20 teachers who teach them. It adopted Pianta’s (1991) Student-Teacher Relationship Scale (STRS) and Merell’s (1994-1996) Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scale (PKBS) to measure the relationship and the social competence respectively. Finally, it analyzes the collected empirical data by various statistical techniques for descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage distributions as well as for inferential statistics such as t-test, one-way ANOVA and t-test, Duncan’s multiple range test and multiple regression analysis. This study is processed through statistic program SPSS v12.0. The empirical study produced the following results. First, the child-teacher relationship is not affected by the child’s gender and age but affected by the status of the mother’s working relevant to her intimacy with a child and the child’s order in the family. Specifically, children raised by working mothers enjoy closer relationships with their teachers than those raised by non-working mothers. As for the order in the family, those who are raised as a single children are more likely to have conflict with their teachers than those who are raised with their siblings. Similarly, single children in the family tend to be more dependent upon their teachers than those raised with siblings. Second, children's social competence differed significantly depending on gender and age only. That is, girls are more likely to have greater social competence, namely more socially cooperative, interactive and independent than boys, and those children aged 3 are les socially cooperative than those aged 4 or 5. In addition, the variable affecting children's behavioral problems most is gender, followed by status of mothers (working or not), age and the order in the family in their order. Boys are more likely to be self-centered, overactive, aggressive and socially withdrawn than girls, and working mothers' children are more overactive, aggressive and socially withdrawn than those with their mothers not working. Furthermore, those children aged 3 are more self-centered, overactive, aggressive, socially withdrawn and anxious than those aged 4 or 5. In addition, the only children and third ones are more anxious than the second ones in the family. Third, regarding the influence of the child-teacher relationship on the child’s social competence, it was found that the closer, less conflicting and dependent the child-teacher relationship is, children are more likely to be socially cooperative. And the closer and less conflicting the relationship is, children are more likely to be socially interactive, and the closer and less dependent it is, children tend more to be socially independent. In terms of extraneous problems, the more conflicting and closer the teach-child relation is, children are more likely to be self-centered and overactive, and the closer, more conflicting and less dependent the relation is, children are more aggressive. In terms of inherent problems, the more conflicting the relation is, children are more socially withdrawn, and the more conflicting and dependent it is, children are more anxious. Thus, the closer and less conflicting and dependent the teacher-child relation is, children's social competence is higher, and the more conflicting the relation is, children tend more to show behavioral problems. Based on the above findings, this study can be concluded with the suggestions as below; It is required of the government to extend some environmental support to pre-school teachers so that they can have a better understanding of their young students and thereupon, form a positive teach-child relation. Furthermore, it is essential to readjust the number of children per classroom and retrain the teachers. This study may be limited in that its sample size was small and it was conducted by a single researcher, so it is hoped that this study will be followed up by future studies which will surmount such limits and further analyze the effects of children's social competence on their relations with teacher.
URI
https://repository.hanyang.ac.kr/handle/20.500.11754/150816http://hanyang.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000405736
Appears in Collections:
GRADUATE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION[S](교육대학원) > EDUCATION(교육학계열) > Theses (Master)
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