정맥주사팀 간호사의 직무스트레스, 대응행위, 직무만족도에 관한 연구

Abstract

본 연구는 정맥주사팀 간호사가 임상 간호업무 수행 중에서 지각하는 스트레스 정도를 파악하기 위함이고 스트레스 요인을 최소화하고 보다 합리적으로 간호를 수행하는데 필요한 정보를 제공하고자 시도되었다. 이를 위해 정맥주사팀 간호사를 대상으로 설문 조사하였다. 정맥주사팀 간호사가 업무 중에 느끼는 직무스트레스 정도와 직무스트레스 대응행위, 직무만족도, 직무만족도와 직무스트레스 정도 비교, 직무만족도에 따른 스트레스 대응행위에 대해 살펴보았다. 이 연구의 결과를 전산통계 처리한 결과를 요약하면 정맥주사팀 간호사가 근무중에 경험하는 직무스트레스 요인으로는 대인관계에서 오는 갈등이 가장 높았고 그로 인한 대응행위의 결과로는 스트레스에 대한 반응경험이 가장 높았다. 직무만족도는 승진, 전문기술 등 자기 발전 정도가 가장 높은 순위를 차지하였다. 직무만족도와 직무스트레스 정도 비교 결과는 근무만족은 환자갈등, 대인갈등, 근무조건스트레스가 높을수록 낮아졌으며, 대인갈등, 수행갈등, 근무조건스트레스가 높을수록 환자갈등도 높아진다. 또한 수행갈등이 높을수록 대인갈등도 심해지며, 근무조건스트레스가 높을수록 수행갈등도 높아진다. 직무만족도에 따른 스트레스 대응행위에 대한 비교 결과는 근무만족은 스트레스에 대한 반응경험이 높을수록 낮아지며, 스트레스 대응을 위한 노력이 높을수록 스트레스 대응경험도 높아진다.; it was found that their stress experiences scored 3.74 on average. The most frequent experience was 'stressed enough to be almost breathless', while their coping skills used most frequently were 'removal of stressors', and their primary response to stress was 'attempt to find another department or workplace.' 4) The factor affecting their job satisfaction most was 'promotion or development of professional skills' (3.75 on average), followed by working conditions including working tools (3.53 on average) and well-being conditions such as wage, remuneration and welfare (3.40) in their order. 5) As a consequence of comparing the stress levels among variables, it was found that stress levels differed depending on such demographic variables as age and academic background (p<.05) or depending on such job-related characteristics as wage and expected career length (p<.05). The stress levels did not differ significantly depending on the other variables. 6) As a result of comparing nurses' job satisfaction with their job stress levels, it was found that their job satisfaction were reversely correlated with levels of their conflicts with patients, hospital staff or the stress for working conditions. On the other hand, the more conflicts they perceived for their relationship with hospital staff, job responsibilities and stress for working conditions, their conflicts with patients were higher. In addition, the more conflicts they felt for their job responsibilities, they felt more for their human relationship, and the more they feel stressful for their working conditions, they felt more conflicts for their job responsibilities. 7) As a result of analyzing the differences of nurses' stress coping skills among groups, it was found that the skills differed significantly depending on wage levels. (p< .95). 8) As a consequence of comparing nurses' stress coping skills in terms of their job satisfaction, it was disclosed that the more they responded to stress, they were less satisfied with their job, and that the more they made efforts to respond to stress, they could better respond to the stress. Based on the above results, the following suggestions were put forwards; The purpose of this study was to survey the nurses working for vein injection team about the stress level perceived by them during their nursing services and thereupon, provide for some data useful to minimize their stressors and help them engage in their nursing services more effectively. For this purpose, the researcher sampled 55 nurses working for vein injection teams of general hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The data were collected from October 21, 2006 through October 31, 2006. In order to analyze the data collected, SPSS ver. 12 was used for computerized statistical processing. The data about subjects' demographic variables and their job-related characteristics were processed for real numbers and percentages, their job satisfaction was analyzed for means, standard deviations and ranks, and their stressors and coping skills were processed for area- and item-wise means, standard deviations and ranks. The correlations between subjects' stressors and coping skills by group were determined with Pearson's correlation coefficients, and those variables different at the significance level of p<.05 were subject to posterior analysis. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1) 69.1% of the subjects were aged between 31 and 40, and 67.3% of them were married. 54.5% of them graduated from 4-year colleges and 32.7% of them were earning between 2.5 and 3 million wons a month. On the other hand, 72.7% of the subjects were satisfied with their current workplaces, and 47.3% of them answered that they would work as long as required. 2) The stress level experienced by the nurses working for vein injection teams during their nursing services scored 2.576 on average on the 4-point scale, while their most stressful factor was conflicts in their human relationships. Specifically, the most serious stressor for them was 'difference of working time between regular and irregular nurses' (3.93), 'conflict with assistant nurses (3.58), followed by 'conflict with their colleagues' (3.16), 'their unaptitude to nursing job' (3.07), 'conflict with their bosses or subordinates' (3.16), 'conflict with other hospital staff including administration officials' (3.02), 'conflict with guardians or attendants' (2.87) and 'conflict with ward nurses' (2.18) in their order. (The scale for nursing-related affairs and working stress was 5-point, but it was collapsed occasionally into a 4-point one.) 3) As a result of analyzing nurses' stress coping skills; 1) It is necessary to analyze vein injection team nurses' stressors in depth and manage them rather than simply determine their stressful conditions. 2) It is also necessary to develop an effective program conducive to relief of their stress. 3) Since the vein injection team nurses deal with human life, which requires high responsibility and concentration power, it is hoped that this study will be followed up by future studies which will analyze their stressors in depth for better understanding of them.