실리카 복합체 제조 및 포름알데하이드 제거에 관한 연구

Title
실리카 복합체 제조 및 포름알데하이드 제거에 관한 연구
Other Titles
A Study on the preparation of Silica Composites and the Removal of Formaldehyde
Author
전영두
Alternative Author(s)
Young Doo Jun
Advisor(s)
오성근
Issue Date
2009-08
Publisher
한양대학교
Degree
Doctor
Abstract
복합체는 물리적, 화학적 성질이 다른 두개 이상의 화합물을 결합하여 제조되는 물질로 개별적으로 가지고 있는 특성 이외에 복합체가 형성되면 새로운 독특한 특성을 가질 수 있어 많은 연구가 수행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 실리카 입자에 다양한 유기 화합물 및 금속 물질이 결합된 복합체 제조 방법에 대해 살펴보고, 다양한 제조조건 변화가 복합체 형성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 또한 응용 연구의 일환으로 제조된 복합체를 이용하여 상온에서 포름알데하이드의 제거 특성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 1장에서는 실리카 복합체의 제조 동향 및 제조된 복합체의 적용 대상인 휘발성 유기화합물의 특성에 대해 기술하였다. 2장에서는 실리카 입자의 표면에 아민이 치환된 Amine-Silica 복합체 제조 특성에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 제조과정에서 APTMS와 TEOS의 몰비에 따라 실리카 복합체의 크기를 조절할 수 있었으며, 수용성 고분자인 P123, PEG에 따른 영향도 조사하였다. 3장과 4장에서는 실리카 입자의 표면에 황이 치환된 Surfur-silica 복합체 제조 및 이를 이용하여 Silica-silver 복합체를 제조하였다. 특히 3장에서는 전구체인 MPTMS의 농도 및 반응 온도, 촉매로 사용된 NH4OH의 양에 따라 황-실리카 복합체 제조 특성에 대해 조사하였다. MPTMS의 양의 증가에 따라 제조되는 입자의 크기가 증가하였으며, 반응 온도가 증가함에 따라 입자의 크기는 감소하였으나, 60oC 이상 부터는 큰 변화는 발생되지 않았다. 촉매의 양에 따라서는 촉매의 양이 증가함에 따라 입자의 크기가 감소하는 경향을 보였으나, 일정량이상부터는 제조되는 입자의 크기가 다시 커지며 불균일한 입자 분포 특성이 나타나 적정량의 촉매 사용이 중요함을 알 수 있었다. 5장에서는 상기 2장에서 4장을 통해 제조된 다양한 복합체 적용 연구로 상온에서 포름알데하이드 제거 특성에 대해 연구하였다. 포름알데하이드 제거율을 살펴본 결과, 실리카 표면을 황으로 치환한 Sulfur-Silica 복합체가 80% 이상으로 제거율로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 실리카 표면을 아민으로 치환한 Amine-Silica 복합체가 50% 정도의 제거율로 표면이 처리되지 않은 일반 실리카 입자의 제거율이 30% 내외임을 고려할 때 다양한 유기 입자들과 치환된 실리카 복합체의 경우 포름알데하이드 제거 등에 훌륭하게 적용될 수 있음을 보여주었다.; Composite materials are engineered materials made of two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties. Composite materials are successfully used because of easy handling of the active materials and expand the application area of active materials. Since St?ber in 1968 introduced a synthesis method of monodisperse silica particles, the sol-gel method has been successfully used for the preparation of many inorganic oxide particles. To introduce and improve the properties for specific applications, chemical treatment and functionalization of silica particles can be used. In recent years, many preparation processes, by which metal nanoparticles are deposited on the various inorganic substrates, have been developed by many scientists to expand the application area and to control the morphology. These silica composites have great potential application in various fields such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), photonic crystals, catalysis, and biochemistry for chemical sensors. In chapter 1, a short overview is introduced about composites silica particles and removal of formaldehyde. In chapter 2, for preparing amine-silica composite, synthesis and characterization of hybrid silica particles functionalized with (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS) are studied. Monodispered amine-silica composites were prepared by co-condensation of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane(APTMS) in W/O emulsion system. The surface and pore parameters of amine-silica composites decrease rapidly as the molar ratio of APTMS to TEOS increases. Particularly, the largest change of the surface morphology is obtained at RAT = 0.3 in P123 and at RAT = 0.6 in PEG (RAT: The molar ratio of APTMS to TEOS). In chapter 3, for preparing sulfur-silica composite, synthesis and characterization of hybrid silica particles functionalized with 3-Mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) are studied. Highly monodispersed sulfur-silica composites are synthesized by an MPTMS precursor with controllable size in aqueous solution using only one-pot process. This method is remarkable for its simplicity; for its good control of the size, uniformity and stability of hybrid silica spheres; and for its self-hydrolysis ability to realize homogeneous nucleation of silica, fast reaction and reproducibility. Depending on experimental conditions, the particle size can be adjusted from 1.2?m to about 4?m. As the amount of MPTMS increases, the diameters of particles increase. As temperature increases, the diameters of particles decrease until 60oC. As the amount of catalyst increase, monodispersity of particles increases until 0.2 ml. In chapter 4, silica-silver composite particles are prepared by one-pot preparation strategy using alcohol reduction processes. Silica-silver composites were successfully prepared by a novel preparation route involving modified alcohol reduction processes using thiol group. PVP with too short or too long polyvinyl chain is unfavorable for the formation of silver particles at the present reaction conditions. Addition of PVP K15 greatly promoted the formation of silver particles. Formation of silica-silver composites is accelerated by reaction temperature increase. The increase in the concentration of silver precursor also accelerated the reaction rate. In chapter 5, for application of silica composites, the removal of formaldehyde using silica composites at room temperature is studied. To remove formaldehyde at room temperature, composite silica particles functionalized with amine groups, thiol group, and silver nanoparticles were synthesized by a sol-gel reaction using water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion and a self-hydrolysis one-step method. Composite particles reveal an excellent capacity for removing formaldehyde due to the reactivity of amine moleculesr and thiol molecules. Especially, thiol group grafted silica particles (sulfur-silica composites) reveal over 80% of formaldehyde removal. These researches on the synthesis of various silica composites and removal efficiency of their composites will be useful and convenient in the design and preparation of monodispersed surface-modified silica composites. Since the organic molecules functionalized on the surface provide silica particles with chemically active sites, the highly monodispersed hybrid silica spheres are expected to find more uses as biocatalyst, surface modification, and nanocomposite materials. Especially, thiol group grafted silica particles (Sulfur-silica composites) are expected to be application for removal formaldehyde at room temperature.
URI
https://repository.hanyang.ac.kr/handle/20.500.11754/143654http://hanyang.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000412551
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GRADUATE SCHOOL[S](대학원) > CHEMICAL ENGINEERING(화학공학과) > Theses (Ph.D.)
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