지방산섭취와 대사증후군 위험요인과의 관련성: 국민건강영양조사자료에 근거하여, 1998-2007

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome is an important cluster of coronary heart disease risk factors with common insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between fatty acid intake and metabolic syndrome risk factors in Korean adults, using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ. After exclusion of subjects who had one or more missing data for the anthropometric measures and laboratory test, a total of 15,804 subjects aged 20-64y (6,838 men and 8,966 women) from KNHANES 1998-2007 were included in the study. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria modified for Asians. Trends in individual consumption of dietary fatty acid by year were analyzed by One-way ANOVA test, and associations between fatty acid intake and metabolic syndrome risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression analysis after adjusting for age, BMI, energy intake, marital status, job, education level, alcohol intake, and smoking status, and BMI was excluded for the analysis of abdominal obesity. Fatty acid intakes were significantly higher in men than in women and. Intakes of TFA, SFA, PUFA, and n-6 PUFA significantly increased with year, but intakes of LNA, EPA, DHA, and n-3 PUFA were significantly decreased in 2007. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of abdominal obesity was significantly lower in the second quartile of MUFA and PUFA intake, in the second and the fourth quartiles of LNA intake, and in the fourth quartile of n-3 PUFA intake as compared with the first quartile in women. However, there was no association in men. The risk of hypertriglyceridemia was significantly and negatively associated with the intakes of TFA, SFA, MUFA, PUFA, EPA, DHA, n-3 PUFA, and n-6 PUFA in men, and the intakes of TFA, SFA, MUFA, PUFA, and n-3 PUFA in women. The risk of low HDL cholesterolaemia was significantly and positively associated with the intakes of TFA, SFA, PUFA, LNA, n-3 PUFA, and n-6 PUFA in men, and was significantly and negatively associated with the intakes of TFA, PUFA, LNA, DHA, n-3 PUFA, and n-6 PUFA in women. The risk of hypertension was significantly and negatively associated with DHA intake in men, and was significantly and positively associated with the intakes of SFA in women, and was significantly and negatively associated with LNA in women. The risk of hyperglycemia was significantly and negatively associated with the intakes of SFA, MUFA, and LNA in men and was significantly and positively associated with the intakes of TFA, MUFA, and n-3 PUFA in women. These results showed that total fatty acid intakes were increased with year, and the risk of metabolic syndrome were significantly associated with imbalance of fatty acids intake, suggesting that the types of fatty acids may be related to the risk of metabolic syndrome.