친환경 산업단지 설계요소 중요도 분석에 관한 연구

Abstract

온실가스 배출로 인한 지구온난화와 그로 인해 야기된 기후변화로 전 세계적으로 이상기후가 나타나고 있으며, 이에 대응하기 위해 국제적으로 온실가스를 감축하기 위한 노력이 강화되고 있다. 1960년대 이후 경제개발계획의 일환으로 조성되어 국가경제 발전과, 지역사회 활성화의 중요한 역할을 수행해 온 국내 산업단지도 이제 단순히 생산기능을 위한 집적공간이라는 개념에서 탈피하여, 산업의 혁신공간으로서 기업의 경쟁력 제고에 기여 할 수 있도록 초기 설계 단계에서부터 지속가능한 개발을 목표로 하여 생산기능과 환경관리체계 측면에서 새로운 접근이 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 산업단지 개발 관련 설계 및 건설담당자에 대한 조사ㆍ분석을 통하여 기업 여건에 맞는 효율적이고 환경 친화적인 산업단지 설계의 주요 요인들의 중요도를 분석하여 향후 친환경에 기초한 산업단지 개발의 참고 자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 기존의 연구에서 도출되었던 주요 친환경 설계요소와 LEED 평가요소를 바탕으로 Brain Storming 기법을 활용한 Focus Group Interview를 통하여 필요한 요소를 압축하였고 본 설문을 통해 중요도를 분석하였다. 선행 연구 고찰과 Brain Storming을 거쳐 도출된 설계요소를 6개 측면 (토지이용, 교통, 환경오염 및 폐기물, 에너지, 자연환경, 공공시설)과 37개의 세부 지표로 분류하였다. 요인분석 결과 12가지 요인으로 분류되었으며 새롭게 명명된 12가지 요인을 바탕으로 한 회귀분석 결과 총 6가지의 종합중요도에 영향을 주는 요인이 도출되었다. 부지선정 > 접근성 > 지속성 오염원 방지 > 커뮤니티 시설 > 자원재생 > 단지녹화 의 6가지 요인 순으로 영향을 주는 것으로 나타나, 친환경 산업단지를 설계함에 있어서는 입지선정 단계부터 환경오염을 최소화 할 수 있는 부지를 선정하고 대규모 물류 및 단지 내에서 지속적으로 발생되는 오염원에 의한 2차적 환경오염을 방지하기 위한 접근성과 지속성 오염원 방지 설계 관련 요소가 높은 영향력을 나타내고 있는 것으로 분석 되었다. 또한 친환경 산업단지 개발에 있어서 특이한 점은 주변 지역과의 조화로운 개발의 중요성 부각으로, 커뮤니티 시설의 중요성이 제기되었으며 친환경적 설계의 일반적인 요소인 자원재생과 단지녹화 또한 중요도가 높게 파악되었다. 친환경적 설계에 있어서 산업단지 설계요소의 중요도가 주거단지 및 기타영역에 비해 차이를 보이고 있는 부분은 친환경 에너지 부분으로 선행연구를 통해 주거 및 기타분야의 주요 설계요인으로 도출되고 있는 태양광, 지열 및 우수재활용 같은 친환경 신재생 에너지원의 중요도 비중이 대규모 에너지 공급을 요구하는 산업단지의 특성상 친환경 산업단지 설계요소 중요도 항목에 포함되지 못하고 있는 점이다. 친환경 Issue가 산업현장에도 본격적으로 제기되어지는 상황에서 본 연구 결과는 향후 산업단지에 대한 친환경적 접근에 있어 길잡이가 될 것으로 기대하는 바이다. |The global warming due to the emission of greenhouse gas and the subsequent changes in climate have made the global-wise abnormal climate, and nations are enhancing the efforts to reduce the greenhouse gas. The domestic industrial parks that have served critical role to national economic development and regional economic activation since 1960s are demanded to get out of the image like a comprehensive space for manufacturing, and to be newly designed in terms of production capability and environmental management for sustainable development that could contribute to the firm?s competitiveness. Therefore, this study is to provide referent data on the development of industrial parks based on environmental friendliness by analyzing major factor of designing effective and environment-friendly industrial parks, based on the research survey to those in charge of designing industrial development or its construction. We conducted focus group interview using brain storming based on the designing component of environment friendliness and LEED evaluating components that induced in previous research, narrowed down to necessary components, and analyzed the importance of each of component. We classified the designing components that came out through literature review and brain storming into 6 dimensions (e.g. the use of land, transportation, environmental contamination and wastes, energy, natural environment, public facilities) and 37 sub-dimensions. As a result, we identified 12 components, with which we conducted regression analysis, and found 6 components affecting an overall importance. The six components ? selecting location, accessibility, sustainability & prevention of contaminating sources, community facility, recycling, greening of industrial park ? turned out as important in this order. In that regards, the factors turned out to be influential of the selection of location to minimize environmental contamination and the accessibility and sustainability/prevention of contaminating sources for the protection of the secondary environmental contamination that ceaselessly arises within a large logistics and complex parks. Furthermore, for the development of environment-friendly industrial parks, community facility was emerged as important, as the importance of cooperative development with surrounding areas gets more important. Plus, resource recycling and greening of parks are considered important as a general component of environmental friendly design. Regarding a environmental friendly design, the importance of designing components in industrial parks makes more difference in environment-friendly energy comparing to residential complex and other domains. The weight of environment-friendly renewable energy resources such as solar energy, land energy and recycling, which is induced as the major designing components in residential and other domains from previous studies, is not included in the items for the importance of the designing component of environment-friendly industrial complex that is characterized as demanding massive energy supplies. Under the situation where environmental friendliness is issued, this research outcome plays a critical role in guiding the future research of environmental friendliness in an industrial complex.; The global warming due to the emission of greenhouse gas and the subsequent changes in climate have made the global-wise abnormal climate, and nations are enhancing the efforts to reduce the greenhouse gas. The domestic industrial parks that have served critical role to national economic development and regional economic activation since 1960s are demanded to get out of the image like a comprehensive space for manufacturing, and to be newly designed in terms of production capability and environmental management for sustainable development that could contribute to the firm?s competitiveness. Therefore, this study is to provide referent data on the development of industrial parks based on environmental friendliness by analyzing major factor of designing effective and environment-friendly industrial parks, based on the research survey to those in charge of designing industrial development or its construction. We conducted focus group interview using brain storming based on the designing component of environment friendliness and LEED evaluating components that induced in previous research, narrowed down to necessary components, and analyzed the importance of each of component. We classified the designing components that came out through literature review and brain storming into 6 dimensions (e.g. the use of land, transportation, environmental contamination and wastes, energy, natural environment, public facilities) and 37 sub-dimensions. As a result, we identified 12 components, with which we conducted regression analysis, and found 6 components affecting an overall importance. The six components ? selecting location, accessibility, sustainability & prevention of contaminating sources, community facility, recycling, greening of industrial park ? turned out as important in this order. In that regards, the factors turned out to be influential of the selection of location to minimize environmental contamination and the accessibility and sustainability/prevention of contaminating sources for the protection of the secondary environmental contamination that ceaselessly arises within a large logistics and complex parks. Furthermore, for the development of environment-friendly industrial parks, community facility was emerged as important, as the importance of cooperative development with surrounding areas gets more important. Plus, resource recycling and greening of parks are considered important as a general component of environmental friendly design. Regarding a environmental friendly design, the importance of designing components in industrial parks makes more difference in environment-friendly energy comparing to residential complex and other domains. The weight of environment-friendly renewable energy resources such as solar energy, land energy and recycling, which is induced as the major designing components in residential and other domains from previous studies, is not included in the items for the importance of the designing component of environment-friendly industrial complex that is characterized as demanding massive energy supplies. Under the situation where environmental friendliness is issued, this research outcome plays a critical role in guiding the future research of environmental friendliness in an industrial complex.