전반적 발달장애 아동에 적용한 모아애착 증진 프로그램의 효과

Abstract

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the mother-child attachment promotion program for the children with pervasive developmental disorder and their mother, to increase the interest of applying this evidence-based program especially for the families having children with this disorder, and ultimately to promote this program more widely utilized in the present healthcare settings. The subjects of this study were total 60, selected through convenient sampling, 30 of child patients diagnosed with pervasive developmental disorder and 30 of their mothers, who had been participating in the mother-child attachment promotion program for 1 year at the Day Care Center for Children and Adolescents with Autism & Developmental Disorders in K-Hospital. For the children, Social Maturity Scale(SMS) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS) tests have been performed before and after the mother-child attachment promotion program. And for the other purpose of the study, mothers' degree of satisfaction was measured after the program. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire; the pre-test data were collected in February right before the beginning of the program and after performing the whole program(2 hours daily and 5 days per week), the post-test data were collected. The study was conducted from February 2009 to March 2011. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS WIN 18.0 program. The main results of this study are as follows: 1. 90% of the children studied were male. Average age was 2.6 years. The firsts in terms of birth order were reached at 66.7%. Registered cases with the disability were found to be 16.7%. In the mother's study, on the other hand, their mean age was 31. 43.3% were university graduates and postgraduate or higher degree holders were 26.7 percent. 53.4 percent had jobs. Reasons for the choice of the organization and the mother-child attachment promotion program were found to be by 40.0% the recommendation from other moms who had been through the program and by 36.7 percent from the experts' referral. In addition, 46.6% reported that the average household income per month were in the range of more than 2 million won and less than 4 million won. About the average expenses to participate in the program, 66.6% reported to spend between 300,000 won and 400,000 won monthly. 2.The study performed pre and post tests for the children before and after the program and the results are as follows: Before the mother-child attachment promotion program carried out, the average score of SMS of the children was 67.79 and the average score for life age mean(LA) was 3.13 years, while that of social age(SA) was 1.99 years. And at the post-test, the results showed as the average score of SMS 72.07, the average score of LA 4.03 and SA 2.73 respectively. In addition, at the CARS conducted before-the-program, 46.7% of the children were rated with autism cases and 21.4% of the cases scored with severe ratings. And the results of CARS after the program showed that autism ratings were 36.7% of the cases and 27.2% of them were the cases of severe autism. 3.The SMS of the children have been increased from 67.78(pre-test) to 72.08(post-test), which was statistically significant(t =- 2.174, p =. 038). Also, the results of CARS changed by decreasing 2.95 points and in terms of severe autism cases, the scale reduced by 5 points (CARS 42 → 37) after the program. 4.Mothers' satisfaction with the mother-child attachment promotion program evaluated by the survey and it showed that mothers were relatively satisfied with this program in terms of parent involvement, treatment methods, cost for the treatment, and duration of treatment. Items under these catagories for measurement of satisfaction scored over 3.00 out of 4 points. With the results of this study, It has been clearly shown that the mother-child attachment promotion program have brought positive effects on both mother and the child with pervasive developmental disorder. The mother participants expressed great satisfaction with the program let alone the positive impact on the children in terms of their social maturity scale and the autism rating scale. Thus, continuous efforts with ongoing researches and feedbacks would be needed to gather attentions from the mental healthcare workers on this program for the treatment of the children with pervasive developmental disorders and also efforts for the improvements and developments of the program would be necessary to broaden its practical fields.

Key words : mother-child attachment promotion program, pervasive developmental disorders