중국 요서지역 점토대토기 연구

Abstract

요서지역은 이른시기부터 토광묘제와 다양한 단면형태를 가지는 옹·발형의 이중구연토기가 확인되며, 이러한 이중구연토기는 연구자들에 의해 점토대토기와의 관련성이 상정되어 왔다. 그러나 단순히 단면 형태의 유사성만으로 요서지역의 이중구연토기를 점토대토기의 범주에 포함시킬지에 대해서는 검토가 필요하다. 요서지역 이중구연토기의 점토대토기로의 판단을 위해 첫째, 구연부의 단면형태와 기종, 기형에 있어서 점토대토기와의 일치성을 보이는지, 둘째, 각 이중구연토기들이 점토대토기문화의 문화양상과 어느 정도의 일치성을 보이는지에 대한 검토를 실시하였다. 검토 결과 종방향의 원형 파수가 부착된 雙耳, 單耳이중구연토기와 單角把이중구연토기는 기본적으로 점토대토기와 문화 성격이 다르며 ‘수천식 이중구연토기’로 명명할 수 있다. 또한, 단면 삼각형, 마름모형의 無耳이중구연토기는 단면원형의 점토대토기 성립 이전의 양식으로 판단할 수 있으며 ‘원대자식 이중구연토기’로 구분할 필요가 있다. 결국 요서지역의 이중구연토기 중 점토대토기의 범주에 포함시킬 수 있는 것은 구연부 단면형태와 기형에서 점토대토기와 유사성을 가지는 구연부 단면 반구형·원형·타원형·말각방형의 옹·발형 無耳이중구연토기로 볼 수 있다. 이러한 원형점토대토기는 전국조기에 요서지역의 원대자식 이중구연토기가 변화하여 등장한 것으로 볼 수 있으며, 그 상한은 기원전 5세기 이전으로 올라갈 수 없다. 요서지역의 원형점토대토기는 요동지역의 이중구연토기에 영향을 미쳐 요동지역에서도 공주둔 후산 F1과 정가와자 1지점, 3지점에서와 같이 원형점토대토기가 등장하게 된다. 한편, 요서지역에는 토광묘, 원형점토대토기라는 요소만이 존재하는 반면, 요동지역에는 일정한 시간을 거쳐 토광묘, (흑도)장경호, 원형점토대토기, 두형토기의 조합을 갖춘 원형점토대토기문화가 형성된 것으로 볼 수 있다. | There are ‘double mouth rim potteries’ that have various rip types based on pit tomb from early times in Liao-xi, China. These have been considered to be related with ‘clay-stripe pottery’ by many researchers. However, thorough examination is required whether the ‘double mouth rim pottery’ can be included in the range(category) of ‘clay-stripe pottery’ by the similarity of the mouth rim's section. For the separation of ‘double mouth rim pottery’ to ‘clay stripes pottery’, I proceeded to study according to the following criteria. First, the level of similarity to the ‘clay-stripe pottery’ in terms of its mouth rim's section and body needs to be considered. Second is how much archaeological cultural aspects it shares compared to the ‘clay-stripe pottery’. As a result, ‘double mouth rim pottery’ without handle that has the mouth rim's section of triangle or diamond is formed before formation of the ‘rounded clay-stripe pottery’, can be named 'Yuantaizi style double mouth rim pottery'. In addition, ‘double mouth rim pottery’ with vertical-rounded handle and horm-shaped handle has different cultural aspects to the culture of ‘clay-stripe pottery’, and this can be named the 'Shuiquan style double mouth rim pottery'. Finally, the pottery that can be included in the clay-stripe pottery among double mouth rim pottery is the non-handle pottery that has mouth rim's section of a half round, round, ellipse, smooth square. This ‘clay-stripe pottery’ appears by the variation of the 'Yuantaizi style double mouth rim pottery' at the early period of Warring States in Liaoxi, and the appearance cannot be earlier than 5th century BC. ‘Rounded clay-stripe pottery’ also appeared in Liaodong - Gongzhudun Houshan F1, Zhengjiawazi 1, 3point - by variation of ‘double mouth rim pottery’ of Liaodong influenced from ‘rounded clay-strip pottery’ of Liaoxi. Meanwhile, There are just factors of ‘rounded clay-stripe pottery’ and pit tomb in Liaoxi, but in Liaodong, culture of rounded clay-stripe pottery were organized in combination of rounded clay-stripe pottery, (black burnished) long necked jar, mounted dish after a certain amount of time.; There are ‘double mouth rim potteries’ that have various rip types based on pit tomb from early times in Liao-xi, China. These have been considered to be related with ‘clay-stripe pottery’ by many researchers. However, thorough examination is required whether the ‘double mouth rim pottery’ can be included in the range(category) of ‘clay-stripe pottery’ by the similarity of the mouth rim's section. For the separation of ‘double mouth rim pottery’ to ‘clay stripes pottery’, I proceeded to study according to the following criteria. First, the level of similarity to the ‘clay-stripe pottery’ in terms of its mouth rim's section and body needs to be considered. Second is how much archaeological cultural aspects it shares compared to the ‘clay-stripe pottery’. As a result, ‘double mouth rim pottery’ without handle that has the mouth rim's section of triangle or diamond is formed before formation of the ‘rounded clay-stripe pottery’, can be named 'Yuantaizi style double mouth rim pottery'. In addition, ‘double mouth rim pottery’ with vertical-rounded handle and horm-shaped handle has different cultural aspects to the culture of ‘clay-stripe pottery’, and this can be named the 'Shuiquan style double mouth rim pottery'. Finally, the pottery that can be included in the clay-stripe pottery among double mouth rim pottery is the non-handle pottery that has mouth rim's section of a half round, round, ellipse, smooth square. This ‘clay-stripe pottery’ appears by the variation of the 'Yuantaizi style double mouth rim pottery' at the early period of Warring States in Liaoxi, and the appearance cannot be earlier than 5th century BC. ‘Rounded clay-stripe pottery’ also appeared in Liaodong - Gongzhudun Houshan F1, Zhengjiawazi 1, 3point - by variation of ‘double mouth rim pottery’ of Liaodong influenced from ‘rounded clay-strip pottery’ of Liaoxi. Meanwhile, There are just factors of ‘rounded clay-stripe pottery’ and pit tomb in Liaoxi, but in Liaodong, culture of rounded clay-stripe pottery were organized in combination of rounded clay-stripe pottery, (black burnished) long necked jar, mounted dish after a certain amount of time.