아이트래커를 이용한 전자책과 종이책의 가독성 비교

Abstract

본 연구에서는 전자책과 종이책의 글자 크기에 따른 가독성과 피로도, 주관적 불편도 및 주관적 피로도의 차이를 아이트래커를 사용하여 정량적으로 평가하고, 사용자 중심적이고 가독성 높은 전자책의 설계를 위한 인간공학적 평가를 실시한다. 실험에 사용한 독립변수는 책의 형태(전자책, 종이책)와 글자 크기(8 pt, 10 pt, 12 pt)이며, 가독성과 불편도 등의 차이를 알아보기 위한 종속변수는 평균 고정 시간(fixation duration), 평균 도약 거리(saccade length), 눈깜빡임 비율(blink rate), 주관적 불편도(subjective discomfort), 주관적 피로도(subjective fatigue), 페이지 넘김 시간(page-turn duration)으로 선정한다. 가독성 측면에서, 평균 고정 시간은 전자책이 종이책보다 길었고(p<0.01), 평균 도약 거리는 전자책이 종이책보다 짧아(p<0.05), 전자책의 가독성이 종이책보다 떨어진다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 피로도 측면에서, 눈깜빡임 비율은 전자책이 종이책보다 높아(p<0.1), 전자책의 피로도가 종이책보다 상대적으로 더 높다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 사용자의 주관적인 측면에서, 주관적 불편도(p<0.1)와 주관적 피로도(p<0.01) 모두 전자책이 종이책보다 높고, 8 pt가 10 pt와 12 pt보다 높게 나왔다(p<0.01). 페이지 넘김 시간은 종이책이 전자책보다 더 오래 걸렸다(p<0.05). 그 결과, 전자책은 종이책에 비해서 가독성이나 피로도가 떨어지므로, 종이책을 대신하여 전자책으로 넘어가는 것에 대한 검증과 개선이 필요하다. 앞으로 전자책이 활성화되고 보급되기 위해서는 폰트의 종류나 자간, 장평, 대비 등에 관련된 향후 연구를 통해 전자책의 사용성이나 가독성, 인체에 미치는 영향에 대한 더 많은 개선이 이루어져야 할 것이다.| This study is to evaluate the difference of legibility, eyeball strain, subjective discomfort and subjective fatigue by font size of e-book and paper-book using the eye-tracker for design of user-centered and high legibility e-book. Independent variables for the experiment include the types of book (e-book, paper-book) and font sizes (8 pt, 10 pt, 12 pt). A number of objective measures of average of fixation duration, average of saccade length, blink rate, subjective discomfort, subjective fatigue and page-turn duration are used as dependent variables. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with repeated measured design is used to investigate the main and interaction effects of independent variables on each of the dependent variables. The multiple comparison is performed using post hoc analysis and Bonferroni correction is applied. The confidence level for statistical significance level is set at alpha equal to 0.1. The ANOVA result showed a significant difference in the legibility, average of fixation duration at e-book was significantly longer than paper-book (p<0.01). Average of saccade length at e-book was significantly shorter than paper-book (p<0.05). The legibility of e-book was significantly lower than the paper-book. In the eyeball strain, blink rate at e-book was significantly higher than paper-book (p<0.1). The eyeball strain of e-book was significantly higher than paper-book. In the subjective evaluation, subjective discomfort (p<0.1) and subjective fatigue (p<0.01) at e-book were significantly higher than paper-book. These at 8 pt was significantly higher than 10 pt, 12 pt (p<0.01). Page-turn duration at paper-book was significantly longer than e-book (p<0.05). It was also found that the legibility and fatigue at e-book are worse than paper-book. So, it needs the validation and improvement that instead of paper-book into e-book. Looking forward, for the diffusion and popularization of e-book, it should improve the ergonomic usability and legibility of e-book by the future studies at the font types, space between letters and contrast.; This study is to evaluate the difference of legibility, eyeball strain, subjective discomfort and subjective fatigue by font size of e-book and paper-book using the eye-tracker for design of user-centered and high legibility e-book. Independent variables for the experiment include the types of book (e-book, paper-book) and font sizes (8 pt, 10 pt, 12 pt). A number of objective measures of average of fixation duration, average of saccade length, blink rate, subjective discomfort, subjective fatigue and page-turn duration are used as dependent variables. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with repeated measured design is used to investigate the main and interaction effects of independent variables on each of the dependent variables. The multiple comparison is performed using post hoc analysis and Bonferroni correction is applied. The confidence level for statistical significance level is set at alpha equal to 0.1. The ANOVA result showed a significant difference in the legibility, average of fixation duration at e-book was significantly longer than paper-book (p<0.01). Average of saccade length at e-book was significantly shorter than paper-book (p<0.05). The legibility of e-book was significantly lower than the paper-book. In the eyeball strain, blink rate at e-book was significantly higher than paper-book (p<0.1). The eyeball strain of e-book was significantly higher than paper-book. In the subjective evaluation, subjective discomfort (p<0.1) and subjective fatigue (p<0.01) at e-book were significantly higher than paper-book. These at 8 pt was significantly higher than 10 pt, 12 pt (p<0.01). Page-turn duration at paper-book was significantly longer than e-book (p<0.05). It was also found that the legibility and fatigue at e-book are worse than paper-book. So, it needs the validation and improvement that instead of paper-book into e-book. Looking forward, for the diffusion and popularization of e-book, it should improve the ergonomic usability and legibility of e-book by the future studies at the font types, space between letters and contrast.