L.v.Beethoven 「Piano Sonata Op.2 No.3」에 관한 연구

Abstract

베토벤(Ludwig van Beethoven, 1770-1827)은 고전주의 양식을 완성하고, 계승하여 낭만주의로 나아가는 길목에 있던 인물 중 하나로 음악사에서 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있는 작곡가이다. 베토벤의 피아노 소나타는 모두 32곡으로 그의 전 생애를 걸쳐 작곡되어졌다. 그의 피아노 소나타 작품은 세 시기로 나누어진다. 초기(1792-1802)는 하이든(Franz Joseph Haydn, 1732-1809), 모차르트(Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, 1756-1791)의 영향을 받은 <모방의 시기(Period Of Imitation)>라 불리며 15곡의 소나타를 작곡했다. 중기(1802-1815)는 자신의 감정을 자유롭게 표현하고, 음악적 표현을 발전시키는 <외향화 시기(Period Of Externalization)>라 불리며 12곡의 소나타를 작곡했고, 낭만적 요소가 나타나는 시기이다. 후기(1815-1827)는 고전주의 형식에서 벗어나 명상적이고, 자신에 대한 성찰의 경향을 가져 <내향화 시기(Period Of Internalization)> 라고 불리며 5곡의 소나타를 작곡했다. 베토벤의 초기 소나타곡 중 하나인 「Sonata Op.2 No.3」은 작품번호 제2번의 3곡 중 가장 화려하고 규모가 큰 곡으로 1악장과 4악장은 소나타(Sonata)형식, 2악장은 론도(Rondo)형식, 3악장은 스케르초(Scherzo)형식으로 작곡되었다. 이 곡은 기교적으로 표현력을 더욱 확장시킨 곡으로, 연주자로서의 베토벤의 모습을 보여주었다. 모차르트, 하이든의 영향으로 균형적인 멜로디 라인과, 명확하게 조화를 이루는 고전주의의 형식도 보여주고 있으나 갑작스런 셈여림과 조성의 변화, 극적인 리듬, 주제의 다양한 발전 등 베토벤만의 특유의 기법을 사용하며 초기 소나타의 특징을 보여준다. 이처럼 「Sonata Op.2 No.3」은 고전주의의 음악적요소를 가지고 있으나 형식적 구성에 있어서 자신만의 개성적인 어법을 시도하고 새로운 소재를 나열함으로 베토벤만의 주관적인 표현이 과감하게 나타난 초기소나타의 대표적 작품이다.

| Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) is an important composer in the history of music, and one of the significant figures who completed and inherited the style of Classicism and proceeded to Romanticism. There are 32 Beethoven's piano sonatas in total which were composed throughout his lifetime. Beethoven’s piano sonatas are divided into three periods. His Early period(1792-1802) is called the <Period of Imitation> during which he was influenced by Haydn(1732-1809) and Mozart(1756-1791), and 15 sonatas were composed in this period. During the Middle period(1802-1815), <Period of Externalization>, Beethoven was expressive with emotions and developed his musical expressions. He composed 12 sonatas and began to show Romantic aspects. Beethoven’s Late period (1815-1827) had a meditative and self-reflective tendancy is called the <Period of Internalization>, five sonatas were composed during this period. 「Sonata Op. 2 No. 3」 is one of Beethoven’s early sonatas, and is the most splendid and the largest in scale of the three sonatas in Opus 2. Its first and fourth movements are written in Sonata form, the second in Rondo form, and the third in Scherzo form. This sonata further expanded technical expressiveness and revealed Beethoven's aspect as a performer. This work displays a balanced melody from the influence of Mozart and Haydn and a clear harmony with Classical style; but it also manifests Beethoven’s unique techniques and the characteristics of his Early sonatas, such as sudden dynamics, change in tonality, dramatic rhythm, and various developments of the theme. Overall, 「Sonata Op. 2 No. 3」 has musical elements of Classicism; but in formal structure it attempts to use a unique musical grammar and displays new materials, thus exhibiting Beethoven's subjective expression.; Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) is an important composer in the history of music, and one of the significant figures who completed and inherited the style of Classicism and proceeded to Romanticism. There are 32 Beethoven's piano sonatas in total which were composed throughout his lifetime. Beethoven’s piano sonatas are divided into three periods. His Early period(1792-1802) is called the <Period of Imitation> during which he was influenced by Haydn(1732-1809) and Mozart(1756-1791), and 15 sonatas were composed in this period. During the Middle period(1802-1815), <Period of Externalization>, Beethoven was expressive with emotions and developed his musical expressions. He composed 12 sonatas and began to show Romantic aspects. Beethoven’s Late period (1815-1827) had a meditative and self-reflective tendancy is called the <Period of Internalization>, five sonatas were composed during this period. 「Sonata Op. 2 No. 3」 is one of Beethoven’s early sonatas, and is the most splendid and the largest in scale of the three sonatas in Opus 2. Its first and fourth movements are written in Sonata form, the second in Rondo form, and the third in Scherzo form. This sonata further expanded technical expressiveness and revealed Beethoven's aspect as a performer. This work displays a balanced melody from the influence of Mozart and Haydn and a clear harmony with Classical style