경기지역 중학생의 학교급식 위생에 대한 태도 연구

Abstract

본 연구는 건강관리 및 영양섭취에서 각별히 신경을 써야 하는 집단인 청소년을 위한 학교급식 위생의 주체를 영양(교)사나 조리사가 아닌 학생 개개인으로 보고 이들의 급식위생에 대한 태도를 인식도, 수행도 및 지식도 중심으로 조사하여 급식위생 전반에 걸친 학생들의 만족도와 개인위생의 중요성에 대한 인식을 높이는 방안을 연구하고, 위생교육에 대한 관심 및 앞으로 학교급식의 위생교육시스템의 운용에 기초자료를 제공하고 안전한 식생활태도, 개인위생태도의 실천 향상에 기여하고자 실시되었다. 조사대상자는 경기지역 중학생 1,2,3학년을 대상으로 남학생 442명(48.2%), 여학생 475명(53.3%) 총 917명이었으며, 설문조사를 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다.

학교급식의 전반적인 위생상태와 급식 시 사용되는 식판 및 수저, 배식기구의 위생상태에 대해 33.4% 학생들이 ‘만족한다’고 응답하였으며, 학교급식에서 가장 위생적이어야 하는 사항으로 개인위생보다 ‘급식실 위생’을 가장 많이 선택(28.2%)했다.

HACCP마크와 친환경농산물마크에 대해서는 정확한 의미를 알고 있지 못하였지만 ‘위생적으로 안전한 식품’으로 가장 많이 인식하고 있었다. 학교급식과 관련된 위생교육을 경험한 학생은 49.8%였으며, 교육 내용의 이해정도는 ‘대충 이해한다’라는 응답이 70.7%로 가장 많았다. 식중독에 대해 들어본 적이 ‘있다’고 응답한 조사대상자는 84.1%였으며, 식중독사고가 가장 많이 일어나는 장소로 32.7%가 ‘학교’라고 응답하였다.

학교급식 위생교육을 받아본 경험을 묻는 질문에 49.8%가 ‘있다’고 대답하였고 안전하고 건강한 학교급식을 위해 위생교육이 ‘필요하다’고 68.7%가 응답하였으며, 조사대상자의 69.8%가 영양(교)사를 바람직한 위생교육 담당자로 선정하였다.

학교급식위생 수행도는 전체적으로 ‘보통이다’라는 응답이 가장 많았다. 남학생보다 여학생들이 다소 급식을 위생적으로 실시하기 위한 수칙들을 잘 지키고 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<.001). 학년별 학교급식위생 수행도는 유의수준이 p<.05 이하일 때 학년별로 유의적인 차이를 보였으며, 전체적으로 눈에띄게 학년별로 급식위생 수행도의 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 학교급식위생 지식도 역시 전체적으로 ‘보통이다’라는 응답이 가장 많았는데, 설문 문항 대부분 여학생들이 남학생에 비해 급식위생에 관한 지식수준이 높은 것으로 나타났고(p<.001) 학년별로 급식위생 지식도에 대해 유의적인 차이를 보였다(p<.01). 학교급식 위생의 수행도와 지식도를 묻는 문항에 40.05%, 37.05%의 학생들이 ‘보통이다’라고 응답하여 더욱 안전한 환경에서 급식을 실시할 수 있도록 체계적인 급식위생교육을 실시함으로써 수행도와 지식도 면에서 더욱 성장하고 정확한 의사표현을 통해 학교급식 위생에 더욱 관심을 가지는 계기를 마련해 주는 것이 필요하겠다.

이상의 결과를 토대로 본 연구의 조사대상자들은 학교급식 위생에 대한 수행수준과 지식수준이 전반적으로 높지는 않았지만, 68.7%의 학생들이 학교급식 위생 교육이 필요하다는 의견을 보였다. 학생 개개인을 학교급식 위생에 있어 가장 중요한 주체로 여기고, 더욱 위생적이고 안전한 학교급식을 실시하기 위해서는 학생 스스로가 급식위생관리를 위한 실천 수칙에 관심을 갖고 행동해야 할 것이다. 이를 위해 영양(교)사 및 담임교사 등 교원들 모두 학교급식 위생에 관심을 갖고 수업시간이나 특별활동 시간을 통해 더욱 위생적인 학교급식을 위한 교육을 체계적으로 실시하고 관리·감독 해야한다. 또한 급식위생 교육 실시에 앞서 노후된 급식시설 및 설비를 교체하여 현대화된 시설과 함께 철저한 위생관리 체계로 급식이 운영되어야 할 것이며, 식중독 예방을 위해 우수한 급식품 조달 및 식재료 안전성 확보를 위한 노력과 과감한 투자가 이루어져야 될 것으로 생각된다. 학교 뿐만아니라 식품관련기관이나 정부, 기업 등에서 급식위생에 대한 정보매체를 활용한 교육프로그램을 학생들의 지식수준에 맞추어 개발하고, HACCP시스템 및 친환경농산물에 대한 지속적인 홍보 및 교육과 함께 생활 속에서 식품위생 및 안전습관이 자리 잡을 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다. | In this study, the students are the main agent of school food hygiene, instead of nutritionists and school food service employees. The study investigated the attitudes about school food hygiene in awareness, performance and knowledge. Also, it studied the students satisfaction of school food hygiene cross the board and to raise the awareness of importance of personal hygiene. The study conducted to contribute to improve personal hygiene attitude practice, eating behavior and to provide a basic date and manage the school food hygiene education system. Surveys were given to middle school students, that are 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade in Gyeonggi-do, 442 male students, 475 female students and a total of 917 students, and the results are as follows.

33.4% of the students responded 'satisfied' to the tray, cutlery and tools that are used for school food and the overall sanitary condition. And, the most sanitary particular is 'food room hygiene' rather than personal hygiene throughout the school food service.

Students did not know the exact meaning of HACCP marks for eco-friendly agricultural products, but most were aware of 'hygienically safe food' image. 49.8% of the students have had hygiene education related to school food service, and the most common response was ‘ghosting understand’ about an understanding of the education. About the food poisoning, 84.1% of students has heard of it, and 32.7% said food poisoning occurs in school the most often.

49.8% of students have had school food hygiene education, 68.7% of students replied that they need a safe and healthy school food hygiene education. In addition, 69.8% of students selected for the nutritionist as a desirable hygiene education representative.

Performance of school food hygiene is ‘usually as’ the most response. Gender difference was found(p<.001) that female students follow sanitary rules more than male students. Performance of school food hygiene by each grade showed the difference(p<.05), but the difference was not large. Knowledge of school food hygiene is also ‘usually as’ the most response and there were gender significant differences(p<.001) that female students have higher knowledge level about hygiene than male students, there were differences in knowledge of school food hygiene by each grade(p<.01).

40.05%, 37.05% of students answered 'usually as' about performance and knowledge questions. To prepare for an opportunity to further growth of performance and knowledge is needed by giving school food hygiene education to provide in more safe environment.

Based on the findings of this study, the overall student performance and knowledge level of school food hygiene was not high. However, 68.7% students showed their opinion the needs for school food hygiene education. Individual students was the most important subject in school food and students should act with great interests in school food sanitary supervision rules to provide the more hygiene and safe school food.

It is essential that nutritionists or teachers have interests in hygiene school foods and provide systematically the sanitary education when they have lessons or special activity time. In addition, radical sanitary management with modern facilities is priority. Lavish investment and the effort into excellent meal service procurement and securing food product safety are needed to prevent food poisoning. School, as well as food-related organizations and government, business, etc. should develop the food hygiene education programs utilizing media which condescends to student's level of knowledge. Food hygiene and safety habit with continuous publicity and education about HACCP system and environmental-friendly agricultural products have to be settled.; In this study, the students are the main agent of school food hygiene, instead of nutritionists and school food service employees. The study investigated the attitudes about school food hygiene in awareness, performance and knowledge. Also, it studied the students satisfaction of school food hygiene cross the board and to raise the awareness of importance of personal hygiene. The study conducted to contribute to improve personal hygiene attitude practice, eating behavior and to provide a basic date and manage the school food hygiene education system. Surveys were given to middle school students, that are 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade in Gyeonggi-do, 442 male students, 475 female students and a total of 917 students, and the results are as follows.

33.4% of the students responded 'satisfied' to the tray, cutlery and tools that are used for school food and the overall sanitary condition. And, the most sanitary particular is 'food room hygiene' rather than personal hygiene throughout the school food service.

Students did not know the exact meaning of HACCP marks for eco-friendly agricultural products, but most were aware of 'hygienically safe food' image. 49.8% of the students have had hygiene education related to school food service, and the most common response was ‘ghosting understand’ about an understanding of the education. About the food poisoning, 84.1% of students has heard of it, and 32.7% said food poisoning occurs in school the most often.

49.8% of students have had school food hygiene education, 68.7% of students replied that they need a safe and healthy school food hygiene education. In addition, 69.8% of students selected for the nutritionist as a desirable hygiene education representative.

Performance of school food hygiene is ‘usually as’ the most response. Gender difference was found(p<.001) that female students follow sanitary rules more than male students. Performance of school food hygiene by each grade showed the difference(p<.05), but the difference was not large. Knowledge of school food hygiene is also ‘usually as’ the most response and there were gender significant differences(p<.001) that female students have higher knowledge level about hygiene than male students, there were differences in knowledge of school food hygiene by each grade(p<.01).

40.05%, 37.05% of students answered 'usually as' about performance and knowledge questions. To prepare for an opportunity to further growth of performance and knowledge is needed by giving school food hygiene education to provide in more safe environment.

Based on the findings of this study, the overall student performance and knowledge level of school food hygiene was not high. However, 68.7% students showed their opinion the needs for school food hygiene education. Individual students was the most important subject in school food and students should act with great interests in school food sanitary supervision rules to provide the more hygiene and safe school food.

It is essential that nutritionists or teachers have interests in hygiene school foods and provide systematically the sanitary education when they have lessons or special activity time. In addition, radical sanitary management with modern facilities is priority. Lavish investment and the effort into excellent meal service procurement and securing food product safety are needed to prevent food poisoning. School, as well as food-related organizations and government, business, etc. should develop the food hygiene education programs utilizing media which condescends to student's level of knowledge. Food hygiene and safety habit with continuous publicity and education about HACCP system and environmental-friendly agricultural products have to be settled.