실존적 영적안녕과 위험요인이 청소년의 문제행동에 미치는 영향: 자동적 사고, 실행기능의 매개효과

Abstract

국문 요약

이 연구에서는 실존적 영적안녕과 위험요인이 청소년의 문제행동에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 자동적사고와 실행기능의 직간접효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 청소년의 문제행동에 영향을 미치는 요인은 보호요인과 위험요인으로 구분할 수 있고 이 과정에서 심리기제가 관여하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이 연구는 첫째로 연구1,2를 통해 이러한 요인들이 어떠한 구조와 경로안에서 영향을 미치는지 알고자 하였다. 둘째로 연구문제1,2에서 일반군과 위험군간 경로차이를 검증하고자 하였다. 구체적으로 보호요인이 되는 실존적 영적안녕과 다양한 위험요인들이 청소년의 문제행동에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 과정에서 자동적 사고와 실행기능이 어떤 경로를 통해 직간접효과가 있는지 알고자 하였다. 연구 대상자는 중학교 1~3학년 청소년 630명의 자료로 위험요인에 따라 두집단을 구분하였다. 청소년의 문제행동척도, 실존적 영적안녕, 자동적사고, 실행기능 자가보고 질문지를 이용하여 Amos 20.0으로 구조방정식 분석을 실시하였다. 연구문제1의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 실존적 영적안녕이 내재화 문제행동에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 자동적 사고와 실행기능이 일반집단은 부분매개효과가 유의하였다. 그리고 위험집단에서는 완전 매개효과를 나타내었다. 둘째, 위험요인이 내재화 문제행동에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 일반집단은 실행기능을 통한 부분매개효과를 위험집단은 완전매개효과를 나타내었다. 또한 위험집단에서는 실존적 영적안녕은 부정적 자동적 사고를 통한 완전매개효과가 유의하였다. 연구문제2의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 실존적 영적안녕과 외현화 문제행동의 관계에서 부정적 자동적 사고, 실행기능은 두 집단 모두에서 완전매개효과가 있었다. 둘째, 일반집단에서 위험요인은 외현화 문제행동과의 관계에서 부분 매개효과를 나타내었다. 연구문제1,2에서 두집단 간 경로계수의 차이는 첫째, 위험집단이 일반집단에 비해 실존적 영적안녕이 부정적 자동적 사고를 감소시키는 효과가 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 일반집단에서 긍정적 자동적 사고가 실행기능의 결손을 감소시키는 효과가 유의하였다. 위험집단은 부정적인 자동사고가 내재화 문제행동을 증가시키는 영향력이 유의하였다. 이 연구의 의의는 실존적 영적안녕, 위험요인과 청소년의 문제행동간 자동적 사고와 실행기능의 유의한 경로들을 밝힌 것이다. 또한 두집단 간 경로계수 차를 검증하고 실존적 영적안녕의 경로를 복합모형내 검증한 점이다.

주요어 청소년의 문제행동, 실존적 영적안녕, 자동적 사고, 실행기능 |ABSTRACT

Effects of Existential Spiritual Well-Being Risk Factors on Behavioral Problems in Adolescents: The Mediating Effects of automatic thought and executive function

Song, Hwajin Dept. of Child Psychotherapy The Graduate School Hanyang University

This study is designed to identify the direct and indirect effects of automatic thoughts and executive functions on the process of existential spiritual well-being and risk factors affecting adolescent problem behavior. Both risk and protective factors have been known to influence such problem behavior where psychological mechanisms are involved. The objectives of research problemⅠand Ⅱ hereof are 1) to look into structures and paths in which such factors affect the problem behavior and 2) to examine differences in path between a general group and a risk group. Specifically, they are crafted to discover the paths where automatic thoughts and executive functions have direct and indirect influences on the process of existential spiritual well-being(protective factor) and diverse risk factors directly affecting adolescent problem behavior. A total of 630 middle school students(1st to 3rd year) were chosen as research subjects and classified into two groups, depending on risk factors. An Amos 20-based structural equation analysis was conducted using a self-report questionnaire regarding existential spiritual well-being, automatic thoughts, executive functions and the adolescent problem behavior rating scale. The results of research problemⅠare as follows: 1) In the process of existential spiritual well-being affecting internalizing problem behavior, automatic thoughts and executive functions showed partial and full mediating effects in the general group and the risk group, respectively and 2) In the process of risk factors affecting internalizing problem behavior, executive functions demonstrated partial and full mediating effects in the general group and the risk group, respectively. Moreover, in the risk group, existential spiritual well-being significantly produced full mediating effects via negative automatic thoughts. The results of research problem Ⅱ are as follows: 1) In terms of relationships existential spiritual well-being and externalizing problem behavior, negative automatic thought and executive functions created full mediating effects in both groups; 2) In the general group, risk factors showed partial mediating effects in terms of their relationship with externalizing problem behavior. Differences in path coefficient between the two groups discovered via research problemⅠand Ⅱ show the following: 1) Existential spiritual well-being reduced negative automatic thoughts more sharply in the risk group than in the general group; 2) Positive automatic thoughts significantly lessened a deficit in executive functions in the general group. Negative automatic thoughts had significant effects on expanding internalizing problem behavior in the risk group. This research study is especially meaningful in the following aspects: 1) found significant paths through which automatic thoughts and executive functions affect relationships among existential spiritual well-being, risk factors and adolescent problem behavior; 2) identified differences in path coefficient between the two groups and established the path of existential spiritual well-being via complex modeling.

Key words adolescent problem behavior, existential spiritual well-being, automatic thoughts, executive function; ABSTRACT

Effects of Existential Spiritual Well-Being Risk Factors on Behavioral Problems in Adolescents: The Mediating Effects of automatic thought and executive function

Song, Hwajin Dept. of Child Psychotherapy The Graduate School Hanyang University

This study is designed to identify the direct and indirect effects of automatic thoughts and executive functions on the process of existential spiritual well-being and risk factors affecting adolescent problem behavior. Both risk and protective factors have been known to influence such problem behavior where psychological mechanisms are involved. The objectives of research problemⅠand Ⅱ hereof are 1) to look into structures and paths in which such factors affect the problem behavior and 2) to examine differences in path between a general group and a risk group. Specifically, they are crafted to discover the paths where automatic thoughts and executive functions have direct and indirect influences on the process of existential spiritual well-being(protective factor) and diverse risk factors directly affecting adolescent problem behavior. A total of 630 middle school students(1st to 3rd year) were chosen as research subjects and classified into two groups, depending on risk factors. An Amos 20-based structural equation analysis was conducted using a self-report questionnaire regarding existential spiritual well-being, automatic thoughts, executive functions and the adolescent problem behavior rating scale. The results of research problemⅠare as follows: 1) In the process of existential spiritual well-being affecting internalizing problem behavior, automatic thoughts and executive functions showed partial and full mediating effects in the general group and the risk group, respectively and 2) In the process of risk factors affecting internalizing problem behavior, executive functions demonstrated partial and full mediating effects in the general group and the risk group, respectively. Moreover, in the risk group, existential spiritual well-being significantly produced full mediating effects via negative automatic thoughts. The results of research problem Ⅱ are as follows: 1) In terms of relationships existential spiritual well-being and externalizing problem behavior, negative automatic thought and executive functions created full mediating effects in both groups