정신병원 간호사의 기질 및 성격특성에 따른 인권감수성

Abstract

국 문 요 약

본 연구는 정신병원 간호사의 기질 및 성격특성과 인권감수성이 차이가 있는지 파악하여 다양하고 효과적인 인권교육과정을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하기 위하여 시도되었다.

2014년 6월 1일부터 9월 30일까지 서울․경기 지역에 소재한 6개 정신의료기관에 재직 중인 간호사 161명을 대상으로 자가 보고식 설문지를 이용해 자료를 수집하였고, 수집된 자료는 SPSS 18.0을 이용하여 통계 분석하였다.

자료 수집에 사용된 도구는 Cloninger (1994)가 개발하고 이주영과 민병배 (2007)가 한글로 번역한 표준화된 한글판 기질 및 성격 척도(TCI The Temperament and Character Inventory) 140문항과 국가인권위원회에서 2002년 개발한 대학생 및 성인용 ‘인권감수성’ 척도 30문항이다.

본 연구의 주요 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.

1) 대상자는 총 161명으로 일반적 특성을 살펴보면 여자가 148명(91.9%)으로 대다수를 차지했고 연령은 40대가 55명으로 34.2%, 종교는 없음(무교)이 56명(34.8%)으로 가장 높았다. 학력은 대학교 졸업이 81명(50.3%)으로 나타나 과반수를 넘었으며 정신보건영역 근무경력에서는 10년 이상이 71명 (44.1%)으로 가장 높았다. 인권교육 유무는 그렇다가 147명(91.3%)를 차지하였다.

2) 대상자의 기질 및 성격특성에서 자극추구가 높음이 62명(38.5%)이었고, 위험회피의 높음이 63명(39.1%), 사회적 민감성의 높음이 71명(44.1%)이었다. 인내력의 낮음이 74명(46%), 자율성의 높음이 64명(39.8%)이었다. 연대감의 높음이 66명(40.4%), 자기초월의 중간이 66명(41%)으로 가장 많은 비율을 차지하였다. 3) 대상자의 인권감수성 정도를 살펴보면 전체 평균값이 39.32점이었으며 하위영역별 값은 상황지각 11.06점, 결과지각 14.50점이었고 책임지각은 16.40점이었다.

4) 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 기질(자극추구, 위험회피, 사회적 민감성, 인내력)의 차이는 연령에 따른 자극추구에서만 차이가 있었고 성격(자율성, 연대감, 자기초월)의 차이를 살펴 본 결과 연령에 따른 자율성과 자기초월, 종교에 따른 자기초월, 학력에 따른 자기초월의 차이가 있었다.

5) 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 인권감수성을 살펴 본 결과 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 없었다.

6) 대상자의 기질 및 성격특성에 따른 인권감수성 차이 결과는 자극추구에서 유의미한 차이가 있었다. (F= 3.37, P= .03)

본 연구결과를 토대로 정리해 보면 정신병원 간호사의 일반적 특성과 기질및 성격특성에 따른 인권감수성은 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 앞으로 정신장애인의 인권옹호에 수호적 역할을 하는 정신보건영역 종사자들의 인권교육이 종사자들의 인권감수성을 향상시킬 수 있도록 개선되기 위해서는 인권감수성에 영향을 미치는 다른 내적요인을 찾을 수 있도록 지속적이고 폭 넓은 연구가 필요하며 인권의식의 변화와 인권옹호행동으로 이어지는 교육의 실질적 효과를 보기 위해서는 본 연구결과를 토대로 대상자를 분류하여 차별화된 인권교육이 시행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. | ABSTRACT

Human Rights Sensitivity according to Temperamant and Character of Mental Hospital Nurse

Min A Kim Department of Gerontological Welfare Major in Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing The Graduate School of Information in Clinical Nursing Hanyang University Directed by Professor Lee Jeong Seop

The present study aimed to provide reference data for diverse and effective human rights programs by shedding light on differences in psychiatric nurses' temperament and character traits and human rights sensitivity.

From June 1 to September 30, 2014, 161 psychiatric nurses in 6 mental health centers in Seoul and Gyeonggi regions were surveyed with a self-report questionnaire for data collection, followed by statistical analysis with SPSS 18.0.

The instrument used for data collection consisted of 140 items from the standardized Korean version of the TCI(Temperament and Character Inventory) originally developed by Cloninger (1994) and translated by Lee J.Y & Min B.B.(2007), and 30 items from the 'Human Rights Sensitivity' scale for undergraduates and adults developed in 2002 by the National Human Rights Commission. Below are the findings of this study.

1) As for the demographics of 161 respondents, a majority of subjects were females (n=148, 91.9%). The largest number of respondents(n=55, 34.2%) were in their 40s. The highest percentage of respondents (34.8%, n=56) had no religion. Over a half of respondents(n=81, 50.3%) were college graduates. 71 respondents(44.1%) had worked in the mental health sector for over a decade. 147 respondents(91.3%) had taken human rights programs.

2) As for respondents' temperament and character traits, 38.5% (n=62) of subjects were high in novelty seeking, 39.1%(n=63) in harm avoidance, and 44.1%(n=71) in reward dependence. 74 respondents (46%) had lower sensitivity, with 64(39.8%) having greater autonomy. A sense of solidarity proved high in 65 respondents(40.4%). The highest percentage(41%, n=66) of respondents had a medium level of self-transcendence.

3) In terms of subjects' human rights sensitivity, the mean was 39.32. As for sub-domains, the perceptions of situation, consequence and responsibility were 11.06, 14.50 and 16.40, respectively.

4) As for differences in temperament (novelty seeking, hazard avoidance, reward dependence and persistence) in line with subjects' demographics, only novelty seeking varied with age. As for differences in line with character traits (autonomy, a sense of solidarity and self-transcendence), autonomy and self-transcendence varied with age, whilst self-transcendence varied with religion and education.

5) In view of human rights sensitivity in line with subjects' demographics, no statistically significant difference was found.

6) Regarding differences in human rights sensitivity in line with subjects' temperament and character traits, a significant difference was found in novelty seeking (F= 3.37, P= .03)

In sum, no significant differences were found in human rights sensitivity in line with psychiatric nurses' demographics, temperament and character traits. To improve human rights sensitivity of those engaged in the field of mental health serving as guardians of human rights for the mentally disabled, persistent and extensive research efforts need be exerted to find out other internal factors affecting human rights sensitivity. Also, to prove substantial effects of such programs on changes in the awareness of human rights leading to active protection of human rights, differentiated programs on human rights need be implemented by classifying subjects based on the present findings.; ABSTRACT

Human Rights Sensitivity according to Temperamant and Character of Mental Hospital Nurse

Min A Kim Department of Gerontological Welfare Major in Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing The Graduate School of Information in Clinical Nursing Hanyang University Directed by Professor Lee Jeong Seop

The present study aimed to provide reference data for diverse and effective human rights programs by shedding light on differences in psychiatric nurses' temperament and character traits and human rights sensitivity.

From June 1 to September 30, 2014, 161 psychiatric nurses in 6 mental health centers in Seoul and Gyeonggi regions were surveyed with a self-report questionnaire for data collection, followed by statistical analysis with SPSS 18.0.

The instrument used for data collection consisted of 140 items from the standardized Korean version of the TCI(Temperament and Character Inventory) originally developed by Cloninger (1994) and translated by Lee J.Y & Min B.B.(2007), and 30 items from the 'Human Rights Sensitivity' scale for undergraduates and adults developed in 2002 by the National Human Rights Commission. Below are the findings of this study.

1) As for the demographics of 161 respondents, a majority of subjects were females (n=148, 91.9%). The largest number of respondents(n=55, 34.2%) were in their 40s. The highest percentage of respondents (34.8%, n=56) had no religion. Over a half of respondents(n=81, 50.3%) were college graduates. 71 respondents(44.1%) had worked in the mental health sector for over a decade. 147 respondents(91.3%) had taken human rights programs.

2) As for respondents' temperament and character traits, 38.5% (n=62) of subjects were high in novelty seeking, 39.1%(n=63) in harm avoidance, and 44.1%(n=71) in reward dependence. 74 respondents (46%) had lower sensitivity, with 64(39.8%) having greater autonomy. A sense of solidarity proved high in 65 respondents(40.4%). The highest percentage(41%, n=66) of respondents had a medium level of self-transcendence.

3) In terms of subjects' human rights sensitivity, the mean was 39.32. As for sub-domains, the perceptions of situation, consequence and responsibility were 11.06, 14.50 and 16.40, respectively.

4) As for differences in temperament (novelty seeking, hazard avoidance, reward dependence and persistence) in line with subjects' demographics, only novelty seeking varied with age. As for differences in line with character traits (autonomy, a sense of solidarity and self-transcendence), autonomy and self-transcendence varied with age, whilst self-transcendence varied with religion and education.

5) In view of human rights sensitivity in line with subjects' demographics, no statistically significant difference was found.

6) Regarding differences in human rights sensitivity in line with subjects' temperament and character traits, a significant difference was found in novelty seeking (F= 3.37, P= .03)

In sum, no significant differences were found in human rights sensitivity in line with psychiatric nurses' demographics, temperament and character traits. To improve human rights sensitivity of those engaged in the field of mental health serving as guardians of human rights for the mentally disabled, persistent and extensive research efforts need be exerted to find out other internal factors affecting human rights sensitivity. Also, to prove substantial effects of such programs on changes in the awareness of human rights leading to active protection of human rights, differentiated programs on human rights need be implemented by classifying subjects based on the present findings.