V2X 통신 테스팅 환경 구현을 위한 시뮬레이터 간 연동과 동기화 방식 연구

Abstract

V2X(Vehicle-to-Infra/Vehicle) 협력통신 시스템은 V2X통신을 통해 운전자의 편의성을 도모하고 사람이 할 수 있는 실수들을 제어하여 안전한 운행이 가능하도록 도와주는 융합기술이다. 실제 교통 상황에서 이러한 기술이 어떻게 동작할지 예상하고 평가하기 위해서는 실차 기반의 검증 과정을 진행해야 하며, 이를 위해서 테스트 차량이 주행하기 위한 도로 구축과 실제 통신을 검증하기 위한 통신 장비 구축, 결과를 평가하고 검증하기 위한 전문 인력, 큰 비용과 시간을 투입해야 한다. 이러한 이유 때문에 연구소나 대학에서는 이러한 실차 기반의 검증 환경 구축이 불가능한 경우가 많으며, 개발한 시스템을 시험하는데 어려움을 가지고 있다. V2X 장비 개발이 가속화되고 있지만, 이에 대한 검증 환경은 실차 기반 시험에 의존할 수밖에 없는 열악한 환경에 있으므로 차량 안전 어플리케이션과 V2X 통신기술을 저렴한 비용으로 테스트할 수 있는 테스팅 환경 구축을 필요로 하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 시뮬레이션 기반 테스팅 시스템을 구현하였다. 시뮬레이션 기반 테스팅 시스템은 External 인터페이스를 통한 병렬 시뮬레이터 시스템으로, 트래픽 시뮬레이터와 네트워크 시뮬레이터를 병렬적으로 사용하는 시스템으로 구현하였다. 네트워크 시뮬레이터에서는 차량 노드의 이동을 실제 차량과 같이 구현하는 것과 많은 차량 노드를 대상으로 시뮬레이션하는 것이 어렵다. 때문에 교통 시뮬레이터에서 차량 이동성 정보를 생성하여 네트워크 시뮬레이터에 제공하였고, 이를 위해 두 시뮬레이터를 연동하였다. 또한 시뮬레이터 간의 동기화 문제에 관한 연구를 통하여 시뮬레이션 결과의 신뢰성을 높이기 위한 방안을 제안하였으며 차량 통신 시나리오를 통한 동작 검증 및 분석 결과를 제시한다.|V2X cooperative communication system is a fusion technology that enables safe driving by controlling human-driven faults and aim for driver’s comfort through V2X communications. To expect and evaluate how the technology will work in real traffic situation, the real-car based testing procedure should be done. For this, the road construction for a test vehicle and implementation of communication infrastructure for testing of actual communication, the specialized personnel and a lost of time should go in. Thus, implementing these kind of real-car based testing environment is often impossible for research institute and universities making it difficult to test the newly developed system. Although the V2X device development has been accelerated, the testing environment is still in poor condition that has to depend on real-car based testing. And it makes the increment in need for implementing the reliable testbed to test vehicle safety applications and V2X communication technology in reasonable cost. In this paper, to solve those kind of problems, a simulation based testing system is being introduced. The testing system is a parallel simulator system which uses External interface making a traffic simulator and a network simulator to be run in parallel. A sole network simulator is difficult to describe the real-car movements and also it is difficult to make large-scale scenario. Therefore, the traffic simulator is synchronized to the network simulator to make it utilize the generated movement information. Plus, a method to make simulation results reliable by research of synchronizing problems between simulators has been suggested. The movement testing and analysis results by vehicle communication scenario were also suggested.; V2X cooperative communication system is a fusion technology that enables safe driving by controlling human-driven faults and aim for driver’s comfort through V2X communications. To expect and evaluate how the technology will work in real traffic situation, the real-car based testing procedure should be done. For this, the road construction for a test vehicle and implementation of communication infrastructure for testing of actual communication, the specialized personnel and a lost of time should go in. Thus, implementing these kind of real-car based testing environment is often impossible for research institute and universities making it difficult to test the newly developed system. Although the V2X device development has been accelerated, the testing environment is still in poor condition that has to depend on real-car based testing. And it makes the increment in need for implementing the reliable testbed to test vehicle safety applications and V2X communication technology in reasonable cost. In this paper, to solve those kind of problems, a simulation based testing system is being introduced. The testing system is a parallel simulator system which uses External interface making a traffic simulator and a network simulator to be run in parallel. A sole network simulator is difficult to describe the real-car movements and also it is difficult to make large-scale scenario. Therefore, the traffic simulator is synchronized to the network simulator to make it utilize the generated movement information. Plus, a method to make simulation results reliable by research of synchronizing problems between simulators has been suggested. The movement testing and analysis results by vehicle communication scenario were also suggested.