Arts PROPEL 기반 성인음악교육 프로그램에서 다중지능 변화의 의미

Abstract

본 연구는 Gardner(1992)의 다중지능 이론에 의한 대표적인 예술교육 프로젝트 아츠프로펠을 활용하여, 아츠프로펠 기반 성인음악교육 프로그램을 개발하고, 성인학습자들의 다중지능 관련 변화의 의미를 알아보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 아츠프로펠의 음악과 창의적 글쓰기 프로젝트를 통합한 성인음악교육 프로그램은 성인들의 잠재적 다중지능의 향상을 위해 효율적으로 학습하도록 개발하여, 다중지능에서의 변화에 기여할 수 있다는 교육적 시사점을 가지고 있다. 이와 같은 연구 목적에 따라 선정된 연구문제는 다음과 같다.

[연구문제 1] 아츠프로펠에 기초한 성인음악교육 프로그램은 어떠한 내용으로 편성되는가? [연구문제 2] 아츠프로펠 기반 성인음악교육 프로그램에 참여한 성인학습자의 다중지능 관련 변화를 양적으로 확인할 수 있는가? [연구문제 3] 아츠프로펠 기반 성인음악교육 프로그램에 참여한 성인학습자들의 다중지능 향상과정에서 경험한 학습의 의미는 무엇인가?

본 연구의 절차 및 방법은 다음과 같다. [연구문제 1]에서는 MI이론에 의한 아츠프로펠을 적용하여 성인음악교육 프로그램을 개발하고자, 문헌분석과 사전연구를 참고하였고, 전문가의 의견을 수렴해 아츠프로펠 기반 성인음악교육 프로그램의 내용을 구성하였다. 성인음악교육 프로그램은 성인학습자들을 고려하여 아츠프로펠의 음악 프로젝트와 창의적 글쓰기 프로젝트를 합하여 통합적인 음악교육이 되도록 하였고, 지각, 창작, 반성의 교수-학습이 이루어지도록 노래창작 활동을 중심으로 고안하였으며, 시창·청음 심화수업에서 실행하기 위한 내용 적합성을 위해 수정·보완 과정을 거쳤다. [연구문제 2]에서는 개발된 아츠프로펠 기반 성인음악교육 프로그램이 성인의 MI 관련 변화에 영향을 미치는지 양적분석으로 검증하였다. 단일집단 사전, 사후 검사설계를 위해, 연구대상은 서울시 H 대학 성인대상 평생교육기관의 만21세부터 만26세까지의 성인 15명이며, 프로그램 적용기간은 2015년 3월 13일부터 6월 19일까지 70시간을 실시하였다. 성인음악교육 프로그램을 시창·청음 심화수업에 실행하였고, 검사도구는 서울대학교 사범대학 교육연구소에서 문용린(2001)팀이 개발한 MI 검사지를 사용하였다. 수집된 자료들은 SPSS 18.0 Program을 이용하여 통계처리 하였으며, 성인의 MI 검사 점수에 대해서 사전, 사후 MI 점수 차이를 검증하였다. [연구문제 3]에서는 성인음악교육 프로그램에 참여한 성인학습자들의 다중지능 변화에 따른 학습경험의 의미를 고찰하고자, MI 관련 변화가 확인된 성인학습자들을 중심으로 질적분석을 위해 참여관찰, 심층면담, 문서분석 등의 방법을 활용하였다. 또한 성인음악교육 현장에서 경험한 연구자의 교육경험을 반성적 성찰로 고찰하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면, 첫째, MI에 의한 아츠프로펠 기반 성인음악교육 프로그램은 성인의 학습 수준에 맞게 음악과 창의적 글쓰기 프로젝트를 활용하여 통합적 음악수업이 되도록 함으로서, 성인학습자들의 MI를 향상시키려는 목적으로 개발되었다. 교수-학습 단계에서 지각단계는 음악과 시 이해하기와 노래창작 기초탐색하기, 창작단계는 리듬, 선율 창작하기, 그룹 노래창작하기, 그리고 반성단계는 결과물에 대한 성찰하기 등으로 이루어졌다. 둘째, 아츠프로펠 기반 성인음악교육 프로그램에 참여한 성인학습자들의 MI에서 특히 음악지능과 언어지능에 유의미한 변화가 나타난 것을 양적으로 확인하였다. 셋째, 프로그램에서 MI 변화가 확인된 성인학습자들은 MI 관련 변화에 따른 의미 있는 학습경험들이 발견되었다. 음악과 시를 지각하고 노래창작을 함으로서 창의력과 표현력이 증진되었고, 그룹창작 활동을 통해 친화력이 발휘되었으며, 포트폴리오 글쓰기 작업을 통해 성찰에 해당하는 자기주도력이 향상되는 질적 의미들이 학습경험에서 나타났다. 또한 연구자는 프로그램 교육 경험을 통하여, 성인들의 잠재적 MI에 대한 이해가 깊어졌으며, MI에 기초하여 수준을 고려한 음악교육을 제공하는 것이 성인교육 현장에 필요함을 발견하였다. 따라서 MI이론의 실천으로 개발한 아츠프로펠 기반 성인음악교육 프로그램은 MI를 향상시킬 수 있는 미래 지향적인 성인음악교육으로써 성인대상 평생교육 현장에 적용 가능성을 시사하고 있다.| ABSTRACT

The Meaning of Changes regarding Multiple Intelligences in an Adult Music Education Program Based on Arts PROPEL Kim, Hye-Sil Dept. of Education The Graduate School Hanyang University

The purpose of this study is to examine the meaning of changes regarding Multiple Intelligences in an adult music education program, employing Arts PROPEL based upon the multiple intelligence theory of Gardner (1992). To this end, the researcher developed an adult music education program which integrated the music project and the imaginative writing project of Arts PROPEL in order to improve various and unique multiple intelligences of adult learners. In particular, the adult music education program was designed to include the group song-making activities, suitable for adult learners, which can improve their potential multiple intelligences. Accordingly, research problems of the study are as follows: [Research question 1] What is the composition of the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL? [Research question 2] What can quantitatively confirm the changes regarding the multiple intelligences of adult learners who participated in the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL? [Research question 3] What is the meaning of changes in the learning experience of adult learners who participated in the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL? The procedures and the methods of the study are as follows: [Research question 1] In order to develop an adult music education program for adult learners based on Arts PROPEL, the theoretical foundation was established by referring to all the literature that has been published until now, including my pilot study (70-hour action research). The adult music education program focusing on perception, production and reflection for adult learners was designed with song-making activities integrating the music project and the imaginative writing project of Arts PROPEL, and the final version of the program was born after going through the processes of correction and supplementation. [Research question 2] The changes by the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL regarding the multiple intelligences of adults were examined employing quantitative analysis. For one group pre/post-test design, the subjects of the study were 15 adult learners of ages 21-26 who attended the Adult Continuing Education Academy run by H University located in Seoul. The duration of the program administration was 70 hours from March 13, 2015 to June 19, 2015. The one group was offered the music education program for adults based on Arts PROPEL in advanced sight-singing and ear-training courses. For the research, the researcher employed the Multiple Intelligence TEST revised by Moon, Yong-Lin's Group (2001). Also for the verification of the results, the researcher adopted SPSS 18.0 Program and conducted the pre/post-test scores of the multiple intelligences of the adults. [Research question 3] To examine the meaning of qualitative changes regarding the multiple intelligences of adults in the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL, the researcher observed the learning experience of adult learners. In order to collect qualitative data, the researcher conducted participant observation surveys and in-depth interviews, and all the processes of the surveys and interviews were recorded. And then the researcher analyzed all data for the learning experience of adult learners and looked at her educational experience as well for reflection. The results of this study were summarized as follows: First, the adult music education program, to which Arts PROPEL was applied, was designed to help adults develop their multiple intelligences. The program that combined perception, production and reflection for adult learners was designed with song-making activities integrating the music project and the imaginative writing project of Arts PROPEL. The teaching-learning stages include the perception step to understand poetry and music, the production stage to create the main rhythm, the main melodies, and songs as a group, the reflection step to reflect their song production work and portfolios. Second, the study quantitatively confirmed that the multiple intelligences of adults who participated in the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL show meaningful changes especially in Musical Intelligence and Linguistic Intelligence. Third, meaningful results were found in the learning experiences of adults whose multiple intelligences were improved by participating in the adult music program. They could develop their creativeness and expression by perceiving music and poetry to create songs. And they also could develop their social ability by doing song-making activities as groups and increase learner-centered learning abilities by writing portfolios. Through the research, the researcher was able to extend her understanding of the potential multiple intelligences of adults and found that level-based music education based on Multiple Intelligences needs to be provided for adults. As a result, this research showed that as the future-oriented adult music education, the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL can improve the multiple intelligences of adults and could be applied to the field of the Adult Continuing Education as well.; ABSTRACT

The Meaning of Changes regarding Multiple Intelligences in an Adult Music Education Program Based on Arts PROPEL Kim, Hye-Sil Dept. of Education The Graduate School Hanyang University

The purpose of this study is to examine the meaning of changes regarding Multiple Intelligences in an adult music education program, employing Arts PROPEL based upon the multiple intelligence theory of Gardner (1992). To this end, the researcher developed an adult music education program which integrated the music project and the imaginative writing project of Arts PROPEL in order to improve various and unique multiple intelligences of adult learners. In particular, the adult music education program was designed to include the group song-making activities, suitable for adult learners, which can improve their potential multiple intelligences. Accordingly, research problems of the study are as follows: [Research question 1] What is the composition of the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL? [Research question 2] What can quantitatively confirm the changes regarding the multiple intelligences of adult learners who participated in the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL? [Research question 3] What is the meaning of changes in the learning experience of adult learners who participated in the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL? The procedures and the methods of the study are as follows: [Research question 1] In order to develop an adult music education program for adult learners based on Arts PROPEL, the theoretical foundation was established by referring to all the literature that has been published until now, including my pilot study (70-hour action research). The adult music education program focusing on perception, production and reflection for adult learners was designed with song-making activities integrating the music project and the imaginative writing project of Arts PROPEL, and the final version of the program was born after going through the processes of correction and supplementation. [Research question 2] The changes by the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL regarding the multiple intelligences of adults were examined employing quantitative analysis. For one group pre/post-test design, the subjects of the study were 15 adult learners of ages 21-26 who attended the Adult Continuing Education Academy run by H University located in Seoul. The duration of the program administration was 70 hours from March 13, 2015 to June 19, 2015. The one group was offered the music education program for adults based on Arts PROPEL in advanced sight-singing and ear-training courses. For the research, the researcher employed the Multiple Intelligence TEST revised by Moon, Yong-Lin's Group (2001). Also for the verification of the results, the researcher adopted SPSS 18.0 Program and conducted the pre/post-test scores of the multiple intelligences of the adults. [Research question 3] To examine the meaning of qualitative changes regarding the multiple intelligences of adults in the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL, the researcher observed the learning experience of adult learners. In order to collect qualitative data, the researcher conducted participant observation surveys and in-depth interviews, and all the processes of the surveys and interviews were recorded. And then the researcher analyzed all data for the learning experience of adult learners and looked at her educational experience as well for reflection. The results of this study were summarized as follows: First, the adult music education program, to which Arts PROPEL was applied, was designed to help adults develop their multiple intelligences. The program that combined perception, production and reflection for adult learners was designed with song-making activities integrating the music project and the imaginative writing project of Arts PROPEL. The teaching-learning stages include the perception step to understand poetry and music, the production stage to create the main rhythm, the main melodies, and songs as a group, the reflection step to reflect their song production work and portfolios. Second, the study quantitatively confirmed that the multiple intelligences of adults who participated in the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL show meaningful changes especially in Musical Intelligence and Linguistic Intelligence. Third, meaningful results were found in the learning experiences of adults whose multiple intelligences were improved by participating in the adult music program. They could develop their creativeness and expression by perceiving music and poetry to create songs. And they also could develop their social ability by doing song-making activities as groups and increase learner-centered learning abilities by writing portfolios. Through the research, the researcher was able to extend her understanding of the potential multiple intelligences of adults and found that level-based music education based on Multiple Intelligences needs to be provided for adults. As a result, this research showed that as the future-oriented adult music education, the adult music education program based on Arts PROPEL can improve the multiple intelligences of adults and could be applied to the field of the Adult Continuing Education as well.