재활전문병원 입원중인 뇌졸중 노인의 삶의 질 예측 요인

Abstract

우리나라 2013년 고령자 통계에 의하면, 뇌졸중은 65세 이 상 인구의 사망원인 및 사망률 중 암에 이어 2위를 차지하며, 단일 장기 질환으로 분류하면 압도적으로 높은 사망률을 보이 는 중요한 질병이다(Statistics Korea, 2013). 뇌졸중은 뇌신 경 손상의 결과로, 급성기 치료 후 장애가 전혀 없을 수도 있 으나, 질병의 성격상 발병 즉시 치명적인 경우보다 장애를 남 기는 경우가 많은데, 건강에 대한 인식이 변화함에 따라 뇌졸 중 치료 효율성의 총체적 지표로서 뇌졸중 환자의 삶의 질 정 도를 이해하기 위한 연구들이 최근 증가하였다(Carod-Artal, 2012). 일반적으로, 뇌졸중 환자의 삶의 질은 주관적 건강, 지 각된 신체 정신 건강상태, 그리고 사회적 건강상태를 모두 포 괄적으로 포함하고 있으며(Carod-Artal, 2012), 이들의 삶의 질은 매우 낮은 것으로 보고되었다(Dayapoglu & Tan, 2010; Gunaydin, Karatepe, Kaya, & Ulutas, 2011).Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore the predictive factors of quality of life among older adults who had a stroke. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted from January to March 2010. Face-to-face interviews were done with 92 older adults with a stroke and hospitalized in one of 4 rehabilitation hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, Korea. Measures included perceived health, activities of daily living (ADL), depression, and quality of life. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression. Results: Mean score for quality of life for these elders was 41.29. Quality of life was significantly different according to difficulty in daily life due to pain or language disorder. Quality of life was positively associated with perceived health state and ADL, and negatively associated with depression. With multiple regression, the main variables explained 60.5% of the variance in quality of life. Depression was the strongest predictor for quality of life among older adults with a stroke. Perceived health and difficulty in daily life due to pain were also significant predictors for quality of life. Conclusion: Nursing interventions for this population must strive to increase perceived health status and decrease depression and difficulty in daily life due to pain.