간호 대학생의 환자와의 의사소통 경험

Abstract

본 연구는 임상 실습을 하는 간호대학생에게 성찰적 사고를 촉진하여 의사소통과 관련된 이해의 폭을 넓히고자 성찰일지를 적용하고 학생들의 학습 경험에 대한 의미와 본질을 탐구하고자 하였다. 면담 참여자는 S시 1개 대학교의 간호대학생 12명이었고, 자료수집과 분석기간은 2014년 9월부터 2015년 9월까지로 수집된 자료는 자료분석은 주제 분석(thematic analysis)을 통해 분석하였다. 간호대학생의 의사소통 경험은 ‘현장에서의 의사소통 상황을 회상함’, ‘환자들과의 대화를 생각하며 의사소통과정을 돌아봄’, ‘적극적으로 의사소통 상황을 관찰하게 됨’, 실습 중 의사소통 수행정도를 평가함’이라는 5개의 주제모음이 연구결과로 도출되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 임상현장기반의 성찰일지를 활용한 교수 학습 방법을 평가하는 기초자료가 될 것이며, 향후 간호대학생의 의사소통역량을 향상시키기 위한 교육 전략 방향을 제시하는데 중요한 근거자료로 제공될 것이라 사료된다.The purpose of this study was to explore communication practicum experience among nursing students in reflective learning. The communication practicum consist of guideline-based reflective learning for caring patients. Data were collected from September 2014 to September 2015, through in-depth interviews from four focus groups that were composed of three undergraduate students in each group at a university in Korea. Data were analyzed on the basis of thematic analysis method. Five essential themes were extracts that were as follows 1) recalled past communication situation during past clinical practicum 2) reflecting upon past dialogue with patient during past clinical practicum 3) actively concentrating solely on communication situation during current clinical practicum 4) evaluating self-performance about communication during current clinical practicum 5) reflecting upon education method. Communication competence is an essential component of providing patient-centered care, a basic service which fulfills the demands of care givers, as well as an important element that can positively influence other departments and organizations related to nursing patients. Communication competence is thereby a key ability for nursing students to develop during nursing education. Therefore, nursing college should provide diverse scenarios such as the reflective learning approach to help them analyze and critique their own attitudes and awareness towards communication.