Energy-based devices for the treatment of cutaneous lesions in patients with lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis

Abstract

Energy-based devices for the treatment of cutaneous lesions in patients with lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis Joh, Hae Chang Dept. of Medical Science Graduate School Hanyang University Background: The use of energy-based devices (EBD) in the treatment of various aesthetic and dermatologic conditions is increasing. However, there is limited data on its efficacy and safety in patients with autoimmune connective tissue diseases (CTD). Objective: This study aimed to assess the outcomes of EBD treatments in Korean patients with CTD, specifically lupus erythematosus (LE) and dermatomyositis (DM) and review their efficacy and safety. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study involving 26 CTD patients, including those with LE and DM treated at Hanyang University Seoul Hospital between December 2015 and November 2023. The use of various laser modalities were assessed, including Pulsed Dye Laser (PDL), Intense Pulsed Light (IPL), Long-pulse Nd:YAG (LPNY) laser and Q- switched Nd:YAG (QSNY) laser, and ablative fractional laser (AFL). Outcomes were evaluated by two independent dermatologists using a 5- point modified Investigator’s Global Assessment scale composed of erythema, dyspigmentation, and other morphologic characteristics. Adverse events and patients’cosmetic satisfaction using Visual Analogue Scale were recorded. Results: Twenty six patients with CTDs were treated with various EBD modalities. Among the patients, 20 were LE patients and 6 were DM patients. The treatments were well tolerated, and significant improvements were observed in erythema, dyspigmentation, and overall skin morphology in both LE and DM patients. Some LE patients also experienced improvements in follicular activity. Few transient side effects were reported, but none of the patients exhibited any long- lasting side effects or disease reactivation during the follow-up period. Overall, the cosmetic outcomes were satisfactory, with a higher rating reported by LE patients compared to DM patients. Conclusions: EBD treatments, including laser therapy, can provide beneficial cosmetic results in CTD patients. These treatments were generally safe and well-tolerated. Further larger-scale, controlled studies are warranted to validate these findings and to establish optimal treatment protocols. Key words: Energy-based devices (EBD), Connective tissue disease (CTD), lupus erythematosus (LE), dermatomyositis (DM)