하이브리드상용차연비평가모델개발

Abstract

세계적으로친환경연비규제에따라상용차분야에서도활발한연구가진행되고있다.기존의연구는주로상용차량의배출가스개선을위한개발이중점이었으나,2000년대이후각국의상용차량연비규제가본격화됨에따라연비와배출가스를고려한연구개발이많이진행되고있다. 본연구에서는미국아르곤연구소에서개발한차량시뮬레이터인오토노미(Autonomie)를기반으로상용차량모델링을통해주행모드에따른내연기관차량과연비성능평가를진행하였다.대상상용차량은대형덤프차량을선정후,차량성능분석을기반으로각각의구성요소들을모델링하였다.검증된모델링을기반으로하이브리드차량의모델링을진행하였다.병렬형하이브리드상용차량구조를선택하여,최상위동력분배제어전략은LTL을설계진행하였다.주행모드는가장많이쓰이는Urban,Rural,Motorway3가지구간으로이루어진WHVCcycle(WorldHarmonizedVehicleCycle)을기반으로그외대형상용차량에적합한주행모드조건인100km/h이하,차량가속도들을고려한사이클을선정연비평가를실시하였다. 내연기관의하이브리드화를통한연비상승최대효과를테스트하기위해상용차량모델링을통해주행모드에따른하이브리드상용차량의최적용량을선정하였다.먼저요구성능을결정하여가능한용량조합을선정하고,운행동안연비최적값을찾는다이나믹프로그래밍(DynamicProgramming)을통해최적의연비를만족하는동력원매칭을진행한다.마지막으로이와같은방법으로다양한주행모드에따른용량매칭결과를비교하여나온결과를평가하였다. 기존상용차량에서변속을통한엔진의작동점이동및또는요구가속성능등을위한기어단의변속을통해연비향상효과를가져왔다면하이브리드상용차의경우기존의전략과더불어모터로의동력분배및모터를활용한회생제동을통해다방면에서연비향상효과를가져올수있게되었다.주행모드분석결과를통해하이브리드상용차에대한방향성및실현가능성을보여준다.|Inthisstudy,basedontheAutonomy,avehiclesimulatordevelopedbytheUSArgonneResearchInstitute,thefueleconomyperformanceoftheinternalcombustionenginevehicleandthefueleconomywasevaluatedthroughheavy-dutyvehiclemodeling.Thetargetheavy-dutyvehiclewasselectedasalargedumpvehicle,andeachcomponentwasmodeledbasedonvehicleperformanceanalysis.Basedontheprovenmodeling,themodelingofthehybridvehiclewascarriedout.Bychoosingaparallelheavy-dutyhybridvehiclestructure,theLPFwasdesignedforthetoppowerdistributioncontrolstrategy.BasedontheWorldHarmonizedVehicleCycle(WHVCcycle),whichconsistsofthreesegments,Urban,Rural,andMotorway,whicharemostcommonlyused,thedrivingmodeisselectedforcycleswithvehiclespeedsoflessthan100km/h. Inordertotestthemaximumeffectoffuelefficiencyincreasebyhybridizationofinternalcombustionengine,theoptimalcapacityofheavy-dutyhybridvehiclewasselectedbyheavy-dutyvehiclemodeling.First,therequiredcapacityisdeterminedandthepossiblecapacitycombinationisselected.Dynamicprogramming(DynamicProgramming)isperformedtofindtheoptimumfuelefficiencyduringoperation.Finally,wecomparedtheresultsofcomparingthecapacitymatchingresultswithvariousdrivingmodesinthisway. Inthecaseofheavy-dutyhybridvehicles,inadditiontotheconventionalstrategy,powerdistributiontomotorsandmotorscanbeimprovedbyshiftingtheoperatingpointoftheenginethroughshiftingfromtheexistingheavy-dutyvehicleorshiftinggearsforaccelerationperformance.Byutilizingregenerativebraking,itispossibletoimprovefuelefficiencyinvariousfields.Itshowsthedirectionalityandfeasibilityoftheheavy-dutyhybridvehiclethroughtheresultsofthetravelingmodeanalysis.