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식민지에 드리워진 그물 — 조선에서의 ‘법에 의한 지배’의 구축

Title
식민지에 드리워진 그물 — 조선에서의 ‘법에 의한 지배’의 구축
Other Titles
The Net Cast Over the Colony: Establishing “Rule by Law” in Colonial Korea
Author
윤해동
Keywords
‘법에 의한 지배’; 총독; 입법권; 제령; 의용; 관습; 중추원; ‘Rule by Law’; Governor-general; legislative power; borrowed law(依用 48 法); executive ordinance(制令); common law; Central Council of Colonial Korea(中樞院)
Issue Date
2020-12
Publisher
한국사회사학회
Citation
사회와 역사(구 한국사회사학회논문집), NO 128, Page. 7-48
Abstract
식민지 조선의 입법체계는 다음과 같은 특징을 갖고 있었다. 첫째, 식민지의여러 법령은 다원적인 법원(法源)을 가지고 있었던 점, 둘째, 식민지 입법체계가대한제국과 통감부 지배의 연속성 위에서 구축되었던 사실, 셋째, 본국의 법체계를포괄적으로 도입함으로써 촘촘한 입법적 지배체계를 구축하였다는 점, 넷째, 총독에게 위임된 법률적 성격의 명령제정권은 총독 통치의 자의성을 강화하는 것처럼보였다는 점 등이다. 조선에서 시행되던 법령의 체계는 이처럼 매우 다원적이고복잡한 체계를 갖고 있었다. 입법체계의 이런 특징은 궁극적으로 ‘법에 의한 지배’ 를 강화하는 것이었다. 조선에서 구축된 법에 의한 지배는 전면에 드러나 있던 현법(顯法)과 감춰져있던 은법(隱法)에 의해 구축되었다. 전자는 총독이 발령하던 제령과 하위 명령을말하며, 후자는 대한제국과 통감부가 발령한 법령, 일본 본국에서 사용하던 법령그리고 중추원이 중심이 되어 확정하고 있던 관습 등을 말한다. 현법 즉 전면에드러난 법령은 상대적으로 약한 체계를 구성하고 있었던 반면, 은법 즉 감추어져있던 법령은 훨씬 촘촘하고 강력한 체계 위에 구축되어 있었다. 조선 총독은 이런체계 위에서 ‘법에 의한 지배’ 체제를 강력하게 구축할 수 있었다. The legislative system of colonial Korea had the following characteristics. First, several of colonial statutes had multiple ‘sources of law’. Second, the legislative system was developed through both the Great Korean Empire(大韓帝國) and the Residency-General. Third, much of the existing Japanese legal system was transferred to colonial Korea, which laid the groundwork for the legislative power of the Governor-general. Fourth, the Governor-general was entrusted with the authority to issue executive ordinances(制令) carrying legal effect, adding to the arbitrary nature of his jurisdiction. The multilayered and complex legislative structure implemented in colonial Korea was ultimately the backbone of the “rule by law.” The rule by law over colonial Korea was enforced through the overt laws that were clearly stated as well as the covert laws that were not expressly stipulated. The overt laws consisted of the ordinances and regulations issued by the governor-general while the covert laws included the decrees promulgated by the Great Korean Empire and the Residency-General, the laws of Japan, and common law determined by the Central Council of Colonial Korea(中樞院). While the overt laws had a relatively loose structure, the covert laws had a much more detailed and robust framework. It was against this background that the Governor-general was able to firmly establish a system of “rule by law” over colonial Korea.
URI
https://kiss.kstudy.com/thesis/thesis-view.asp?key=3852890https://repository.hanyang.ac.kr/handle/20.500.11754/173064
ISSN
1226-5535; 2733-8851
DOI
10.37743/SAH.128.1
Appears in Collections:
RESEARCH INSTITUTE[S](부설연구소) > RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF COMPARATIVE HISTORY & CULTURE(비교역사문화연구소) > Articles
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