중국의 나면과 한국의 나례와 제례의 가면 고찰

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the ancient masks used in rituals including their birth through the development to the ritual amusements of China. In addition, the possibilities of the relationship between the ancient ritual characteristics and the masks of Korea based on the advent of the Chinese ritual traditions are overviewed. Consequently conclusions are made as follows. Firstly, the ancient Chinese rituals in reality focused on the driving out the evil spirit (Guna) in contrast with rituals in Korea to salute to heavenly gods. Thus, the Chinese ritual masks had to be very aggressive and fierce looking in order to gain supremacy over the demons, but in Korea this wasn't necessary since the masks were used primarily to appreciate and to please the souls. Secondly, the introduction of ritual to Korea is believed to have been accompanied with Buddhism considering the date it was imported. Also thought was the rituals of Korea to be a part of Chinese 'vcham' from the viewpoint that the rituals were introduced in the Koryeo Period and became prevalent in Yi Dynasty including the emergence of 'Cheoyongmu'. Vcham, in particular, is to be further investigated in subsequent study on the Lamaism.