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주상복합건물의 용도혼합 및 통근패턴 분석

Title
주상복합건물의 용도혼합 및 통근패턴 분석
Other Titles
Analysis on mixed use and commuting patterns in Mixed-Use Development : Focused on employment characteristics in Seoul
Author
진은애
Alternative Author(s)
Jin, Eun-Ae
Advisor(s)
구자훈
Issue Date
2007-02
Publisher
한양대학교
Degree
Master
Abstract
주상복합개발이란 고용이 많은 지역에 주거기능을 도입함으로서 공동화현상을 방지함은 물론 지역의 활력소를 제공하는 한편, 배타적 토지이용의 한계를 극복하기 위해 다양한 용도를 혼합시킴으로서 토지이용의 다양성을 제공한다. 또한 직주근접을 통해 교통수요를 줄임으로서 교통 혼잡의 완화와 사회적 비용의 절감을 가져다주고, 도심주거가 필요한 지역에 양질의 도심주거를 제공하는 역할을 하게된다. 그러나 주상복합건물은 용도혼합 시설로서의 본래 의미를 제대로 살리지 못한 채 공동주거시설로 주로 인식되고 있으며 도시공동화현상 방지와 직주근접을 기대할 수 있는 지에 대한 의문이 제기되고 있다. 기존 연구는 주상복합건물의 용도혼합 비율에 대한 연구보다는 주상복합건물의 입지특성을 밝히는데 그치고 있다. 하지만 주상복합건물의 용도혼합 비율이 지역의 특성에 따라 차별적으로 적용되어진다면 주상복합건물의 도입목적인 토지이용의 다양화 및 직주근접에 기여할 수 있을 것이라 여겨진다. 주상복합건물은 고용비율이 높은 지역에는 주거기능의 비율을 높임으로서 도심공동화를 방지하고 고용비율이 낮은 지역의 경우에는 상업지역 내 상업·업무용도 비율을 높여서 토지이용의 다양화를 이룰 수 있다. 주상복합건물이 이와 같은 도심공동화 방지 및 토지이용의 다양화를 이루고 있는지 알아보기 위해 주상복합건물의 용도비율 분석을 실시하였다. 주상복합건물의 주거비율을 분석한 결과, 고용비율이 높은 자치구의 주상복합건물 주거용도 비율은 낮게 나타났고, 그 외 나머지 자치구의 주상복합건물 주거용도 비율은 높게 나타났다. 이는 고용비율이 높은 지역의 주상복합건물은 주거용도보다는 비주거용도로 구성되어 있고, 주거비율이 높은 지역의 주상복합 건물은 주거비율이 높음을 알 수 있다. 이는 주상복합건물의 복합용도 취지를 높이기 위해서는 고용이 많은 지역에 주거를 더 많이 공급하여 공동화현상을 방지하고, 주거비율이 높은 지역에서는 비주거용도를 더 많이 공급하는 것이 토지이용의 혼합이라는 측면에서 유리하다는 면에서는 개선의 여지가 있음을 알 수 있다. 고용특성별 주상복합건물 거주자와 근로자의 통근패턴을 분석한 결과에 의하면, 고용비율이 높은지역의 주상복합 거주자의 평균통근거리가 짧고, 구내통근율과 연접구내 통근율이 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 주상복합건물의 직주근접 및 짧은 통근효과를 높이기 위해서는 고용비율이 높은 지역에 주상복합건물의 주거비율을 높이도록 권장하는 공급정책이 요구된다고 할 수 있다. 또한 거주자와 근로자의 통근패턴 분석을 통해 알아보았듯이, 주상복합 거주자와 근로자의 직주근접의 가장 큰 요인은 소득과 지불가능한 주택가격으로 나타났다. 주상복합 거주자의 직주근접 효과를 극대화 시키기 위해서는 다양한 소득계층이 직주근접을 실현하고 이를 통해 대중교통 이용의 효과까지 이룰 수 있도록 소형평수의 저렴주상복합을 공급하고, 주상복합건물을 임대형 주상복합의 형식으로 발전시켜 나가야 할 것이다. 또한 업무와 상업용도에 종사하는 근로자들의 통근거리와 시간을 줄이기 위해 고용지나 그 주변지역에 저소득층이 지불할 수 있는 임대나 전세형태의 저렴한 주거를 공급해야 할 것이다. 이와 동시에 고용비율이 높은 지역의 주상복합 건물을 공급할 때, 주상복합건물의 주거용도 비율을 높이도록 유도하고, 주거비율이 높은 지역의 경우에는 비주거용도의 비율을 높이고, 주거용도 비율을 낮추도록 유도하는 정책이 요구된다.; Mixed-use developments prevent the cavitation by introducing the residential functions into the area of much employment, provide vitality to the community, and add more diversity to the land uses by mixing various uses to overcome the limitations of exclusive land uses. In addition, they reduce traffic demand based on the adjacency between work and home, relieve traffic jams, cut down the related social costs, and offer high quality urban housing to those who need it. But the current mixed-use developments are not loyal to the original meanings as the buildings of mixed uses, are simply regarded as community housing, and raise questions regarding if they can fulfill the goals of preventing urban cavitation and bringing home close to work. Those problems are attributed to the absence of mixed-use developments that fit the local employment characteristics. The previous study only identifies the physical characteristics of the area where mixed-use developments were provided in investigating the location characteristic of such buildings. But analysis of mixed-use developments should be preceded by analysis of local characteristics, which needs to focus on such local employment characteristics as can contribute to the diversity of land uses and adjacency between home and work, the purposes of mixed-use developments. This study set out to analyze the employment characteristics of the self-governing gu offices of Seoul before analyzing mixed-use developments, investigate if the uses distribution of mixed-use developments would fit the gu's employment characteristics, and examine the commuting patterns of those who lived and worked in mixed-use developments according to employment characteristics. The city can prevent the urban cavitation and give diversity to land uses in the non-urban areas by introducing housing functions to the area of many employments. In a bid to see if such positive values of mixed-use developments were realized, the ratio of uses in such buildings was analyzed. As a result, the housing ratio of such buildings was low when the employment ratio was high in the area. In the rest of the areas, the housing ratio was high. The result implies that mixed-use developments were used for non-housing purposes rather than housing ones in the area of many employment functions. On the contrary, the housing ratio was high in the mixed-use developments around the area with low employment ratio and high housing ratio. It's thus concluded that the uses distribution of mixed-use developments didn't correspond to their purposes, which are to prevent the cavitation and to diversify the land uses by providing housing to the area with many employments. In other words, there should be plans to apply the uses distribution of the housing and non-housing ratio of mixed-use developments differentially according to the employment characteristics. One of the goals of mixed-use developments is to realize adjacency between home and work by offering the housing opportunities in the area with a high employment ratio, shortening the distance between the workplace and home for the employees, and inducing short-distance commuting and uses of public transportations. It was analyzed how the residents of mixed-use developments would differ in terms of commuting patterns according to the ratio of the employment and what kind of changes would happen to their means, time and distance of commuting according to their characteristics. The commuting patterns of the residents and employees of mixed-use developments were analyzed by the employment groups. As a result, the higher the employment ratio was, the shorter the commuting distance became and the higher commuting ratio was within and around the district. The number of mixed-use developments should increase to the area with a high employment ratio in order to improve the commuting effects of those buildings. As seen with the analysis results of the commuting patterns of the residents and employees of mixed-use developments, the biggest factors to influence their adjacency between home and work were their income and the price of available housing. While the residents mostly had high income and could afford to pay the housing in the costly area for the commuting purposes, the employees lived in an area far away from their workplace due to the cheap housing price. Thus despite the huge dissatisfaction with housing that didn't result in adjacency between home and work, their commuting distance grew longer. In order to solve those problems, they should provide cheaper mixed-use developments with smaller apartments and introduce the mixed-use developments for rent in the area with a high employment ratio. That way people of diverse income levels can realize adjacency between home and work and use public transportations. In addition, it should also be considered to provide cheap housing for rent or lease on a deposit basis that the lower-income class in the work area and around the area can afford and to increase the job opportunities around the residential area so that the workers in the work and commercial field can reduce the commuting distance and time.
URI
https://repository.hanyang.ac.kr/handle/20.500.11754/149669http://hanyang.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000406481
Appears in Collections:
GRADUATE SCHOOL OF URBAN STUDIES[S](도시대학원) > DEPARTMENT OF URBAN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN(도시건축설계학과) > Theses (Master)
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