다문화구성원의 경제적 특성과 소비행태에 관한 연구-안산시를 중심으로-

Abstract

우리나라의 체류 외국인은 2011년 말 기준 139만 명으로 2001년 57만 명에 비해 약 230%가 증가해 그야말로 단일 민족국가에서 다문화시대로 전환 되어 다문화시대 중심에 있다. 이에 다문화구성원과 지방자치단체의 경제적 영향관계는 점차 밀접하게 강화되고 있으며, 다문화구성원들의 특정 지역에서의 경제활동과 생활 편의성 정도 등은 새로운 국면에 돌입했다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 다문화가족의 경제적 특성에 의한 지역경제에의 영향과 다문화구성원들의 인식에 대해 심층 분석하여, 미래지향적인 추진전략을 수립해야할 필요성이 있다. 본 연구는 다문화가족의 경제적 특성을 조사하여 앞으로 이들이 경제활동에 어떠한 의미를 부여하고 있는지 파악하고 이들의 소비문화와 특정지역(안산)에서의 생활 민족도 등을 조사･ 분석하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 구체적으로는 다문화구성원들의 경제적 특성 및 소비생활에 대한 심층적인 조사･ 분석과 이해를 통해 이들의 경제적 문제를 파악하고 소비자로서의 활동 내용과 영향 관계 등에 대한 실태를 정확하게 파악할 필요가 있어 별도의 세부적인 주제(가설)를 설정하였다.

첫째, 다문화구성원들의 경제적 능력의 차이는 경제적 만족도의 차이로 나타날 것이다(경제적 특성 차이). 둘째, 다문화구성원들의 거주특성 및 주거지역의 차이는 주거지역 만족도 차이로 나타날 것이다(거주 특성 차이). 셋째, 다문화구성원들의 월 식비지출 등 소비활동의 특성의 차이는 주 소비계획의 차이로 나타날 것이다(소비활동 차이). 넷째, 다문화구성원들의 다문화특구 방문여부 및 이유의 차이는 다문화특구 인지의 차이로 나타날 것이다(다문화특구 인지 차이). 다섯째, 다문화구성원들의 다문화특구 활성화가 지역경제에 미치는 영향의 차이는 다문화특구 개선사항의 차이로 나타날 것이다(다문화특구 개선사항 차이). 연구대상은 외국인 밀집 주거지역 및 다문화특구지역을 포함하고 있는 경기도 안산시에 거주하는 외국인을 대상으로 400명을 연구대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 최종적으로 220건의 유효 표본을 대상으로 하였다. 조사도구인 설문문항은 총 57문항이 사용되었으며, 설문조사의 신뢰도를 나타내는 Cronbach's α는 경제적 만족도 .762, 거주지역 개선 .871, 소비계획 .773, 다문화특구 개선 .917로 나타나 비교적 신뢰도가 높은 측정도구인 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구의 목적에 따라 설정한 세부적인 주제(가설)에 대한 결과는 다음과 같이 모두 채택되었다. 첫째, (경제적 특성 차이)다문화구성원들의 경제적 능력의 차이는 경제적 만족도의 차이로 나타날 것이라는 가설 : 채택(이유-자국송금액의 경우 체류기간에 따라, 소비 지출액의 경우 성별, 체류목적 및 체류계획 기간에 따라, 저축금액의 경우 국적에 따라 유의한 차이) 둘째, (거주 특성 차이)다문화구성원들의 거주특성 및 주거지역의 차이는 주거지역 만족도 차이로 나타날 것이라는 가설 : 채택(이유-직장 및 보수, 송금액, 저축액에 대한 만족도는 월 평균보수 구간별 유의한 차이) 셋째, (소비활동 차이)다문화구성원들의 월 식비지출 등 소비활동의 특성의 차이는 주 소비계획의 차이로 나타날 것이라는 가설 : 채택(이유-비특성의 경우 월 식비 지출구간은 혼인 상태, 연령별, 식사장소별에 따라 유의한 차이, 생활용품소비 지출구간은 성별에 따라 유의한 차이, 소비계획 항목 중 송금액과 주거구입비 확대 계획에 따라 유의한 차이) 넷째, (다문화특구 인지 차이)다문화구성원들의 다문화특구 방문여부 및 이유의 차이는 다문화특구 인지의 차이로 나타날 것이라는 가설 : 채택(이유-다문화특구 방문여부와 다문화특구 인지여부와는 정(+)의 상관관계, 다문화특구 방문 경우 소비지출 계획이 크게 반응, 통계적 유의수준 증대) 다섯째, 다문화구성원들의 다문화특구 활성화가 지역경제에 미치는 영향의 차이는 다문화특구 개선사항의 차이 : 다문화특구 개선사항 차이)에 대해서는 채택되었다. : (특색 있는 상가 조성에 대한 의견이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 상가주변의 환경개선 조성과 관리, 기존 상점의 서비스 개선, 판매가격 및 품질 개선, 특구 내 안내정보 개선 순) 이에 지방자치단체에서의 지역경제 활성화를 위한 다문화사회의 소비촉진을 위해 정책마련 방향에 대한 제안사항은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지역특성을 고려한 다문화 커뮤니케이션 공간 및 인프라 구축과 국적별, 종교별, 경제규모 및 잠재성에 차별을 둔 지원정책이 필요하다. 둘째, 지역 내 외국인근로자 채용 기업체와 함께 다문화사회 환경개선 사업개발이 필요하다. 셋째, 다문화커뮤니티 활성화 선행과 커뮤니티를 통해 도출된 개선방안에 대한 지역구성원과 지방자치단체 공동 개선사업 추진이 필요하다. 넷째, 향후 예측되는 다문화구성원의 사회적비용 발생에 대한 선재적인이며, 미래지향적인 정책방향 마련 및 추진이 필요하다. 다섯째, 다문화구성원의 높은 문화적 요구도 해소를 위해 다문화구성원에 맞는 프로그램이 개발 필요하다. 여섯째, 다문화구성원과 지역주민, 커뮤니티, 지방자치단체의 이해관계 및 소통의 연계 및 장기적인 인프라 확보와 유지 해야한다. 일곱째, 다문화구성원 소비촉진을 위해 다문화특구에 대해 다문화구성을 대상으로 맞춤형 홍보가 필요하다. 여덟째, 장기적인 관점에서, 다문화특구의 다양한 외국음식점과 다문화 홍보학습관등을 매개로 안산시만의 다문화 관광 콘텐츠를 개발하여 관광자원화 하는 방안 검토 및 계획이 수립되어야 한다. |ABSTARCT

A Study on the Economic Characteristics and Consumption Behavior for the Multi-Cultural People In Ansan City

Yoo Kyeong Kim Dept. of Social Welfare The Graduate School of Innovation Hanyang University

Foreigners staying in Korea by the end of 2011 1,390,000 people. Approximately 570,000 people in 2001 compared with an increase of 230% is performance. Now truly multicultural society in a single nation-state is switched to multicultural society is at the center. This multi-cultural membership and the economic impact of local government relations have been strengthened gradually closely. Cultural and economic activities of the members living in certain areas, etc. Easy enough you can see a new phase has undertaken. Therefore, due to the economic characteristics of multicultural families in the local economy and cultural impact of an in-depth analysis of the members recognize, promote future-oriented strategy is the need to do. This study examined the economic characteristics of multicultural families in the future they give meaning to economic activity and determine if any, and their culture of consumption and the specific area (Ansan), and life in the nation also is aimed at research and analysis. Specifically, the consumption of economic and cultural life of the members in-depth understanding through research and analysis and to identify problems and their economic activities as consumers and so on and effect relationship is necessary to determine the exact status. Details of this separate subjects (hypothesis) was set up.

First, the cultural differences in the ability of members of the economic differences will appear in the financial satisfaction (difference between the economic characteristics). Second, the cultural characteristics of the people living and residential satisfaction of the difference between the residential areas will appear as a (living different characteristics). Third, the cultural activities of members of Mon food consumption expenditure, etc. The difference of shares will appear as the difference between planned spending (consumption activities, the difference). Fourth, cultural visits and whether a member districts because of the cultural differences is a multicultural districts will receive the difference (the difference is cultural districts). Fifth, the multicultural multicultural districts of members of the local economic impact of activation cross-cultural differences will appear as the difference between improvement districts (districts cultural differences in improvements). Study of the foreign population and multicultural residential districts, including regional and foreigners residing in Ansan were selected. The total population of 400 and finally conducted a survey of 220 valid samples were analyzed. Research tool, questionnaires a total of 57 questions was used, the survey showing the confidence degree of Cronbach's α economic satisfaction .762, residential improvements .871, spending plans .773, multicultural districts improve the .917 appears to be relatively reliable measurement tool, considered was. The purpose of this study is set according to the detailed topics (hypothesis) about the results in the following were all adopted. First, the economic reasons for the difference in characteristics of the hypothesis adopted, the period of stay depending on their remittances, consumption expenditures, the gender, purpose of stay and residence planning period, depending on the amount of savings if a significant difference according to nationality, because it looked. Second, the difference between resident characteristics and maintenance work, reasons for adoption of the hypothesis, remittances, savings and satisfaction for each section of the average monthly compensation because it looked significantly different. Third, differences in consumption activities, reasons for adopting the hypothesis of consumption attributes, the food expenditure section of the Mon marital status, age, and the dining area because it looked a significant difference according to Star. In addition, household consumption expenditure intervals and no significant differences according to gender, remittances and housing consumption plan of the items purchase a significant difference according to expansion plans because it looked. Fourth, the cultural differences in what districts the adoption of the hypothesis whether the reasons for visiting cultural and multicultural districts with districts whether the positive correlation was fucked up, if the spending plan to visit the multicultural districts, were more significant statistical increase was yuuisujungo because Fifth, for the activation enhancements include multi-cultural districts in the mall on the composition traits were highest for the comments. Other stores around the composition and management of environmental improvement, service improvement of the existing stores, the sales price and quality improvement, improvement districts was followed in the guidance information. And local governments for the multicultural society in the local economy to promote the consumption of suggestions for policy direction provided are as follows: First, considering the regional characteristics and cultural communication space infrastructure and nationality, Faiths and Practices, discrimination based on the potential economies of scale and support policies is required. Second, companies hiring foreign workers in the region with a multicultural society, there is a need to develop environmental improvement projects. Third, activation leading multicultural community and the community on ways to improve drawn from community members and local governments co-improve the business promotion needs. Fourth, the future is predicted for the occurrence of multi-cultural member of the social costs of a pre-existing, and provide policy direction and promotion of future-oriented needs. Fifth, the multicultural and cultural needs of the members of the high resolution multi-cultural members to develop a program to meet needs. Sixth, the multicultural members and local residents, community and local government interests and communication linkages and long-term infrastructure and should be kept secure. Seventh, to promote consumption of members of multicultural multicultural multicultural configuration for districts to target custom promotional needs. Eighth, in the long term, multi-cultural districts to promote a variety of foreign restaurants and Multicultural Learning Center, and unique multi-cultural tourism, Ansan-borne tourism resources and ways to develop the content review and plan shall be established.; ABSTARCT

A Study on the Economic Characteristics and Consumption Behavior for the Multi-Cultural People In Ansan City

Yoo Kyeong Kim Dept. of Social Welfare The Graduate School of Innovation Hanyang University

Foreigners staying in Korea by the end of 2011 1,390,000 people. Approximately 570,000 people in 2001 compared with an increase of 230% is performance. Now truly multicultural society in a single nation-state is switched to multicultural society is at the center. This multi-cultural membership and the economic impact of local government relations have been strengthened gradually closely. Cultural and economic activities of the members living in certain areas, etc. Easy enough you can see a new phase has undertaken. Therefore, due to the economic characteristics of multicultural families in the local economy and cultural impact of an in-depth analysis of the members recognize, promote future-oriented strategy is the need to do. This study examined the economic characteristics of multicultural families in the future they give meaning to economic activity and determine if any, and their culture of consumption and the specific area (Ansan), and life in the nation also is aimed at research and analysis. Specifically, the consumption of economic and cultural life of the members in-depth understanding through research and analysis and to identify problems and their economic activities as consumers and so on and effect relationship is necessary to determine the exact status. Details of this separate subjects (hypothesis) was set up.

First, the cultural differences in the ability of members of the economic differences will appear in the financial satisfaction (difference between the economic characteristics). Second, the cultural characteristics of the people living and residential satisfaction of the difference between the residential areas will appear as a (living different characteristics). Third, the cultural activities of members of Mon food consumption expenditure, etc. The difference of shares will appear as the difference between planned spending (consumption activities, the difference). Fourth, cultural visits and whether a member districts because of the cultural differences is a multicultural districts will receive the difference (the difference is cultural districts). Fifth, the multicultural multicultural districts of members of the local economic impact of activation cross-cultural differences will appear as the difference between improvement districts (districts cultural differences in improvements). Study of the foreign population and multicultural residential districts, including regional and foreigners residing in Ansan were selected. The total population of 400 and finally conducted a survey of 220 valid samples were analyzed. Research tool, questionnaires a total of 57 questions was used, the survey showing the confidence degree of Cronbach's α economic satisfaction .762, residential improvements .871, spending plans .773, multicultural districts improve the .917 appears to be relatively reliable measurement tool, considered was. The purpose of this study is set according to the detailed topics (hypothesis) about the results in the following were all adopted. First, the economic reasons for the difference in characteristics of the hypothesis adopted, the period of stay depending on their remittances, consumption expenditures, the gender, purpose of stay and residence planning period, depending on the amount of savings if a significant difference according to nationality, because it looked. Second, the difference between resident characteristics and maintenance work, reasons for adoption of the hypothesis, remittances, savings and satisfaction for each section of the average monthly compensation because it looked significantly different. Third, differences in consumption activities, reasons for adopting the hypothesis of consumption attributes, the food expenditure section of the Mon marital status, age, and the dining area because it looked a significant difference according to Star. In addition, household consumption expenditure intervals and no significant differences according to gender, remittances and housing consumption plan of the items purchase a significant difference according to expansion plans because it looked. Fourth, the cultural differences in what districts the adoption of the hypothesis whether the reasons for visiting cultural and multicultural districts with districts whether the positive correlation was fucked up, if the spending plan to visit the multicultural districts, were more significant statistical increase was yuuisujungo because Fifth, for the activation enhancements include multi-cultural districts in the mall on the composition traits were highest for the comments. Other stores around the composition and management of environmental improvement, service improvement of the existing stores, the sales price and quality improvement, improvement districts was followed in the guidance information. And local governments for the multicultural society in the local economy to promote the consumption of suggestions for policy direction provided are as follows: First, considering the regional characteristics and cultural communication space infrastructure and nationality, Faiths and Practices, discrimination based on the potential economies of scale and support policies is required. Second, companies hiring foreign workers in the region with a multicultural society, there is a need to develop environmental improvement projects. Third, activation leading multicultural community and the community on ways to improve drawn from community members and local governments co-improve the business promotion needs. Fourth, the future is predicted for the occurrence of multi-cultural member of the social costs of a pre-existing, and provide policy direction and promotion of future-oriented needs. Fifth, the multicultural and cultural needs of the members of the high resolution multi-cultural members to develop a program to meet needs. Sixth, the multicultural members and local residents, community and local government interests and communication linkages and long-term infrastructure and should be kept secure. Seventh, to promote consumption of members of multicultural multicultural multicultural configuration for districts to target custom promotional needs. Eighth, in the long term, multi-cultural districts to promote a variety of foreign restaurants and Multicultural Learning Center, and unique multi-cultural tourism, Ansan-borne tourism resources and ways to develop the content review and plan shall be established.