非武裝地帶 開發方案에 관한 硏究

Abstract

총성과 포성이 멈춘 1953년 7월27일 한반도에서 정전협정이 맺어졌다. 정전협정에서 현재의 군사접촉선을 군사분계선으로 정하고 남북으로 각각 2㎞씩 물러나 폭 4㎞의 비무장지대를 설치하여 한반도에 폭 4㎞ 전체길이 248㎞의 긴 벨트가 채워졌다. 이 벨트는 한반도를 남북으로 갈라 한민족을 분단시키고, 시간이 지남에 따라 한반도의 허리를 죄여 남과 북의 의사소통 경색으로 서로 다른 성격의 두 국가가 형성되게 되었다. 비무장지대는 1950년 6월 25일에 발발한 6∙25전쟁에서 민족상잔의 아픈 역사의 흔적으로 황폐해져있었다. 1953년에 설치된 비무장지대는 특성상 2013년 현재까지 민간인의 출입이 엄격히 통제되고 있다. 이에 따라 지난 60년 동안 자생능력에 의해 스스로 회복되었다. 또 비무장지대가 설치되기 전 한반도 전역을 뛰놀고, 자라던 야생 동∙식물들이 밀렵과 개발로 개채수가 줄어들고, 한반도에서 설 자리를 잃어 지난 60년 동안 스스로 회복된, 인간의 흔적을 찾을 수 없는 비무장지대에 뿌리를내리고 있다. 이러한 비무장지대에 대한 연구는 1966년부터 1968년까지 한국자연보존연구회를 중심으로 진행되어 왔다. 이는 비무장지대에 생존하고 있는 동∙식물 종류 및 개채수의 보고에 그쳤고, 지난 과거 정부의 비무장지대 활성화를 위한 계획이 있었지만 이렇다 할 전진은 없었다. 또 현 정부에 들어서 한반도 신뢰프로세스 정책을 바탕으로 비무장지대 DMZ 세계평화공원 조성사업을 약속함에 따라 DMZ 세계평화공원 조성의 올바른 개발방향에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 이 비무장지대 개발방안에 관한 연구를 진행하기 위해서 비무장지대가 가지고 있는 개발위협요소, 법적권리, 국가자산과 자연자원, 대한민국정부 및 정부산하 부처별 계획사업, 비무장지대 인접 지방자치별 계획사업 현황을 토대로 개발을 위한 지뢰 매설량의 과다, 현행법적 개발권리 부재, 보유자원 운용부적절, 남북협동 개발사업의 부재를 분석하였고, 이 분석을 근거로 한지뢰제거의 장기화, 자유개발권 부재로 인한 개발제한, 보유자원 방치, 남북관계 경색화 등을 문제점으로 도출했다. 이러한 문제점을 바로 고치기 위해 북한과의 공동사업으로 지뢰 제거, 자유개발권을 위한 법적 수정, 보유자원의 적극적 운용, 경제교류협력을 위한 사업기구 마련과 마지막으로 본 연구를 진행하면서 생각한 본 연구자의 한반도를 대표하는 사업방안 제시하는 것으로 결론을 도출했다. 이 연구를 통해서 비무장지대가 간직하고 있는 천혜의 자연환경과 이 자연환경의 진짜 주인이 누구인지를 깨닫고 게다가 현 박근혜 정부의 DMZ 세계평화공원 개발과 더불어 한반도를 세계에 알릴 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 또한 더 나아가 숨 막히는 비무장지대라고 불리는 벨트를 차고 있는 한반도의 숨통을 트기 위해 우리가 북한에게 취해야 할 자세를 알고 더 나아가 통일된 한반도를 먼 후세에 물려줄 수 있기를 기대한다.| On July 27, 1953, when shooting and firing sound stopped, an armistice was signed in the Korean peninsula. The armistice determined the current Military Contact Line as the Military Demarcation Line, installed a 4-kilometer-wide demilitarized zone(DMZ) by retroceding 2km each toward south and north, and formed a long belt with a total of 248km long and 4km wide across the Korean peninsula. This belt divided the Korean peninsula into south and north thus separating Korean people. Over time, it tightened the waist of the Korean peninsula and blocked the south-north communication to the extent of making these two sectors develop into two countries of very different characteristics one from the other. The DMZ was desolated with traces of agonizing history of ethnic cruelty through the Korean War started on June 25, 1950. The DMZ was installed in 1953 and due to its nature its access is strictly controlled to civilians until today in 2013. Consequently, the area has been restored by its self-sustaining recoverability during the last 60 years. Additionally, the number of wild fauna and flora that could freely grow before the installation of the DMZ decreased due to poaching and developments thus losing their habitats and forcibly radicate in the DMZ, where no human trace can be found. Studies on this DMZ have been carried out since 1966 to 1968 with the Nature Conservation Research Group Korea in the center. However, their performances stopped with their reporting of the types and numbers of the existing animals and plants in the DMZ. And, although there were governmental plans in the past to revitalize the DMZ, no significant progress has been produced. In addition, With the inauguration of the current government, it compromised to proceed with the creation of DMZ World Peace Park based on the confidence process policy of the Korean peninsula, studies on proper developmental directions for DMZ World Peace Park creation are needed. In order to carry out studies on DMZ development, we analyzed on the excessive amount of mines laid, lack of development rights under current laws, inadequacy in managing its resources, and absence of South-North cooperation in the developmental business in order to develop based on the current conditions development-threatening factors, legal rights, national assets and natural resources, Korean government’s and its subordinated departments’ planned businesses, and the DMZ’s neighboring local governments’ planned businesses, and based on this analysis, we derived some problems that include prolongation of one mine elimination, limited development due to lack of free development rights, neglecting of its resources, infarction of South-North relationship, etc. As an effort to correct these problems, we deduced conclusions by executing mine elimination via cooperation with North Korea, legal revision for free development rights, active management of underlying resources, preparation of business organization for economic exchange cooperation, and finally by suggesting business plans that represent the Korean peninsula of the present researchers through the current research. Through the current study, we intend to come to understand the heaven-blessed natural environments that the DMZ possesses and who are the true owners of these natural environments, in addition to suggesting measures to make the Korean peninsula known to the world through the development of DMZ World Peace Park by current Keun-Hye Park’s government. Furthermore, in order to open up the windpipe of Korean peninsula that is wearing a belt called suffocating DMZ, we expect to better understand the position we must take before North Korea and even inherit a unified Korean peninsula to our next generations.; On July 27, 1953, when shooting and firing sound stopped, an armistice was signed in the Korean peninsula. The armistice determined the current Military Contact Line as the Military Demarcation Line, installed a 4-kilometer-wide demilitarized zone(DMZ) by retroceding 2km each toward south and north, and formed a long belt with a total of 248km long and 4km wide across the Korean peninsula. This belt divided the Korean peninsula into south and north thus separating Korean people. Over time, it tightened the waist of the Korean peninsula and blocked the south-north communication to the extent of making these two sectors develop into two countries of very different characteristics one from the other. The DMZ was desolated with traces of agonizing history of ethnic cruelty through the Korean War started on June 25, 1950. The DMZ was installed in 1953 and due to its nature its access is strictly controlled to civilians until today in 2013. Consequently, the area has been restored by its self-sustaining recoverability during the last 60 years. Additionally, the number of wild fauna and flora that could freely grow before the installation of the DMZ decreased due to poaching and developments thus losing their habitats and forcibly radicate in the DMZ, where no human trace can be found. Studies on this DMZ have been carried out since 1966 to 1968 with the Nature Conservation Research Group Korea in the center. However, their performances stopped with their reporting of the types and numbers of the existing animals and plants in the DMZ. And, although there were governmental plans in the past to revitalize the DMZ, no significant progress has been produced. In addition, With the inauguration of the current government, it compromised to proceed with the creation of DMZ World Peace Park based on the confidence process policy of the Korean peninsula, studies on proper developmental directions for DMZ World Peace Park creation are needed. In order to carry out studies on DMZ development, we analyzed on the excessive amount of mines laid, lack of development rights under current laws, inadequacy in managing its resources, and absence of South-North cooperation in the developmental business in order to develop based on the current conditions development-threatening factors, legal rights, national assets and natural resources, Korean government’s and its subordinated departments’ planned businesses, and the DMZ’s neighboring local governments’ planned businesses, and based on this analysis, we derived some problems that include prolongation of one mine elimination, limited development due to lack of free development rights, neglecting of its resources, infarction of South-North relationship, etc. As an effort to correct these problems, we deduced conclusions by executing mine elimination via cooperation with North Korea, legal revision for free development rights, active management of underlying resources, preparation of business organization for economic exchange cooperation, and finally by suggesting business plans that represent the Korean peninsula of the present researchers through the current research. Through the current study, we intend to come to understand the heaven-blessed natural environments that the DMZ possesses and who are the true owners of these natural environments, in addition to suggesting measures to make the Korean peninsula known to the world through the development of DMZ World Peace Park by current Keun-Hye Park’s government. Furthermore, in order to open up the windpipe of Korean peninsula that is wearing a belt called suffocating DMZ, we expect to better understand the position we must take before North Korea and even inherit a unified Korean peninsula to our next generations.