일본의 한류를 통해서 본 한국 전통춤의 한류창출 방안 연구

Abstract

본 연구는 한국 전통춤이 한류의 새로운 전통문화 콘텐츠로서 한류의 확산과 지속을 돕는 방안의 관점으로 연구를 진행하였다. 이를 위하여 정량적 연구와, 정성적 연구를 진행하였으며 정량적 연구에서는 한류호감도가 한국 전통춤 호감도에 미치는 영향을 규명하고, 정성적 연구에서는 한류의 직․간접적인 영향으로 한국 전통춤을 배운 일본인 문화 소비자를 대상으로 한국 전통춤의 일본 내 교육, 한국 전통춤과 매체의 관계 및 개선사항, 한국 전통춤의 세계화에 관하여 심층면접을 실시하여 한국 전통춤의 한류창출을 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 위의 연구 결과를 종합한 한국 전통춤의 한류 창출을 위한 방안은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 통합체계 구축과 마케팅이다. 한국 전통춤의 한류 창출을 위한 개선 사항으로 한국 전통춤 교육 정보의 부족, 한국 전통춤 교육 시설의 확충, 통일되지 못한 무용 용어의 정리가 이루어져야 한다. 이에 대한 방안으로 한류관련 기관의 통합과 협업을 통한 일관된 한류 정책 연구와 방향을 설정하고 통합 기관 내에 전통문화 부서를 개설하여 언어권별 온라인 네트워크망 구축을 통한 한국 전통춤 교육 정보의 공유, 외국인을 위한 한국춤 용어의 규격화, 일본의 한국 전통춤 교육 기관과 강사 현황의 데이터베이스(Database)화를 이루어 좀 더 구체적이고 체계적인 한류 정책으로 진행되어야 한다. 또한 인터넷에 의한 홍보와 함께 우리나라에서처럼 고령층 여성이 많이 찾는 일본의 주민센터 등에서의 포스터나 전단지를 통한 홍보 방안 등 성별과 연령대에 맞는 다양한 방법의 홍보가 이루어져야 한다. 둘째, 글로컬라이제이션 관점의 교육과 문화교류이다. 한류문화 선호도 상승이 한국 전통춤의 선호도 상승으로 이어져 한국 전통춤 교육에도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과에 따라 한국 전통춤의 한류 창출의 기반으로 일본에서의 한국 전통춤 교육기관의 지역별 확충이 필요하다. 교육기관의 부족과 거리상의 제약점 해결을 위하여 일본 전역에 형성 되어 있는 민단을 통한 각 지역별 한국 전통춤교육을 활성화하고 한국 정부에서는 관련 사항을 지원해야 한다. 일본 각 지역별로 형성되어 있는 민단을 통한 한국 전통춤 교육은 교육기관의 부족과 거리적 제약점의 대안으로 활용될 수 있다. 또한 세계 각국에 개설되어 있는 한국 문화원과 세종학당, 국내에 있는 한국어학당 등의 외국인들이 찾아와 교육받는 기관에서 교양 강좌로 한국의 전통문화를 알리는 차원의 가․무․악 과 한복 등 종합 예술적 성격을 띠는 한국 전통춤 교육을 개설하여 그들에 의한 한국 전통춤 발표회 형식의 공연을 지원하는 국가의 정책적 전략이 필요하다. 글로컬라이제이션의 관점으로 잘발달 된 일본의 DVD 문화를 활용하여 교육용 한국 전통춤 DVD제작을 하여 거리상의 제약점을 극복할 수 있을 대안으로 활용할 수 있다. 셋째, 문화 간 융합을 통한 한국 전통춤콘텐츠 개발이다. 한국 전통춤의 세계화를 위하여 한국 전통춤의 종합 예술적 성격을 띠는 특성을 활용하여 한국 전통 춤과 음악 의상이 결합된 전통문화 콘텐츠로서의 개발을 통하여 TV와 미디어에서의 다양한 노출이 필요하다. 현재 국내에서 발레와 현대무용의 경우 광고의 PPL(Product Placement)을 통한 노출이 있으며 영화와 댄싱서바이벌 프로그램, 코미디 프로그램 등의 소재로도 모습을 보이고 있다. 한류 아이돌 그룹도 퍼포먼스에 한국적 색체를 입혀 대중문화에 새로운 한국무용의 이미지를 접목한 형식으로 일반 대중들에게 노출되고 한국을 비롯한 세계의 많은 사람들에게 한국 춤의 이미지가 각인 되도록 안무를 만들어 유튜브로 보급하는 형식의 문화간 융합을 통한 새로운 한국춤 노출이 이루어져야 한다. 한국 TV사극드라마를 통하여 한국 전통춤을 접한 경험이 많고 한국 사극 드라마 속의 한국 전통춤 시청 경험이 한국 전통춤 학습으로 이어지는데 영향을 미친 것은 연구 결과로도 나타났다. 현재 일본에서 인기를 끌고 있는 한국의 드라마나 한국음악을 통한 직․간접적인 노출이 이루어져야 한다. 앞서 논의된 결과의 협업으로 일본으로 수출된 한국 TV드라마에 나오는 전통춤을 한국 전통춤 전문 온라인 사이트에서 소개와 해설을 하고 민단, 한국 문화원, 세종학당 등의 기관에서 드라마에 나온 춤의 연계 교육과 공연 지원을 하는 통합적인 기획과 방안이 필요하다. 이러한 방송문화 콘텐츠로서 한국 전통춤이 활용될 수 있도록 관련 제반 환경 조성이 이루어 져야 한다. TV 사극 드라마에 나오는 한국 전통춤 콘텐츠의 분량이 증가할 수 있도록 시대별 전통춤 연행의 연대표를 만들어 사극 제작자들이 쉽게 드라마의 요소로 전통춤을 활용할 수 있는 기반을 조성하여야 한다. 또한 한국 아이돌 그룹들이 한국무용의 이미지를 퍼포먼스에 활용하도록 기획사와 통합 기관과의 연계가 활발히 이루어 져야 하며 문화교류를 더욱 활성화시켜 전통춤 공연단체들의 많은 해외공연과 함께 세계 각국에 개설되어 있는 한국 문화원과 누리-세종학당, 국내에 있는 한국어학당 민단 등의 기관에서 한국 전통춤 교육을 개설하여 학습자들에 의한 한국 전통춤 공연을 지원하는 국가의 정책이 필요하다. 이러한 도출된 방안들이 실용화된다면 한국 전통춤도 현 시대가 요구하는 한류전통문화 콘텐츠로서 한류의 지속과 발전에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.|This study was carried out to plan for Korean traditional dance to help spread and continue the Korean wave as new traditional culture contents. For this purpose, a quantitative study and a qualitative study were carried out: The quantitative study investigated the impacts of an affinity with Korean wave on that with Korean traditional dance while the qualitative study suggested plans to create Korean wave of Korean traditional dance by conducting in-depth interviews with Japanese consumers of culture, who had learned Korean traditional dance by the direct/indirect influence of Korean wave on Korean traditional dance education in Japan, its relationship with the media, improvements of that and its globalization. Plans to create Korean wave of Korean traditional dance summed up the results of the above research are as follows: First, building and promoting an integrated education system. Regarding improvements in the creation of Korean wave of Korean traditional dance, the lack of information about Korean traditional dance education should be solved, the educational facilities should be expanded and the terms of the dance should be standardized. As plans for these, consistent research and direction of Korean wave policy should be established through the integration and collaboration of Korean wave-related institutions, the department of traditional culture should be established in the integrated institution, and a more concrete and systematic Korean wave policy should be carried out by sharing information about Korean traditional dance education through constructing an on-line network by language area, standardizing the terms of Korean dance for foreigners and building a database of the status of Korean traditional dance educational institutions and instructors in Japan. In addition, along with promotions through the Internet, public relations by sex and age group in various methods should be done: e.g. promotions using posters or flyers at community centers in Japan, which older women often visit as in Korea. Second, education and cultural exchange in terms of glocalization. It turned out that the increase of a preference for Korean wave culture led to the increase of that for Korean traditional dance, which also had an impact on Korean traditional dance education. According to this research result, it is necessary to expand Korean traditional dance educational facilities in Japan by area as a base for the creation of Korean wave of Korean traditional dance. To solve the lack of educational institutions and constraints due to distance, Korean traditional dance education should be revitalized by each area through Korean Residents Union formed all over Japan, and South Korean government should support related matters. The education through private organization may serve as a solution to the lack of the educational institutions and the constraints due to distance. Moreover, the state-level policy strategy for supporting the performances of Korean traditional dance as a composite art is necessary in order to spread the Korean traditional cultures including singing, dancing, music and Hanbok(the traditional Korean dress) by opening Korean traditional dance classes as liberal classes at the institutions where foreigners visit and receive education: e.g. Korean cultural centers throughout the world, King Sejong Institute and Korean Language Institute in South Korea. In terms of glocalization, by utilizing the Japan’s advanced DVD culture, the production of Korean traditional dance DVDs for education can be used as a way to overcome the constraints due to distance. Third, development of Korean traditional dance contents through intercultural convergence. To globalize Korean traditional dance, it should be seen on TV and media in various ways through developing traditional culture contents that integrate Korean traditional dance, music and costume by means of its nature of a composite art. Currently, in South Korea, ballet and modern dance are being seen through Product Placement(PPL) and used in films, dancing survival programs and comedy shows. New Korean dancing should be exposed through intercultural convergence: e.g. by giving Korean colors to Korean wave idol groups’ performances; exposing the image of Korean dance in pop culture to the public; choreographing dances; and propagating them on YouTube so as to imprint the image of Korean dance to a lot of people in the world as well as in South Korea. It has been known through research results that foreigners often experience Korean traditional dance through Korean historical dramas and that their experience of watching that in the dramas led to learning it. It should be seen directly and indirectly in Korean dramas and music videos that are currently popular in Japan. As collaboration for the findings discussed above, integrated planning and measures are necessary: e.g. introducing and describing the traditional dance in the TV dramas exported to Japan on a website specialized in Korean traditional dance; and training and supporting the dance in the dramas at the institutions such as Korean Residents Union, Korean cultural centers and King Sejong Institute. All related environments should be created so that Korean traditional dance can be used as broadcast culture contents. To increase the quantity of Korean traditional dance in historical dramas on TV, a foundation should be established by preparing a chronological table of performances of traditional dance by period so that the producers of historical dramas can easily utilize the dance as an element of their dramas. In addition, there should be an active connection between management agencies and the integrated institution so that Korean idol groups will use the images of Korean dance in their performances, and along with more overseas performances of the traditional dance performing groups, there should be the government policy for the opening of Korean traditional dance classes at the institutions such as Korean cultural centers throughout the world, Nuri-Sejong Institute, Korean Language Institute in South Korea and Korean Residents Union, the government policy on by further revitalizing cultural exchange, and its support for Korean traditional dancing performances by the students. If these plans drawn out in this study are practically used, Korean traditional dance will be able to contribute to continuing and developing Korean wave as one of its traditional culture contents.; This study was carried out to plan for Korean traditional dance to help spread and continue the Korean wave as new traditional culture contents. For this purpose, a quantitative study and a qualitative study were carried out: The quantitative study investigated the impacts of an affinity with Korean wave on that with Korean traditional dance while the qualitative study suggested plans to create Korean wave of Korean traditional dance by conducting in-depth interviews with Japanese consumers of culture, who had learned Korean traditional dance by the direct/indirect influence of Korean wave on Korean traditional dance education in Japan, its relationship with the media, improvements of that and its globalization. Plans to create Korean wave of Korean traditional dance summed up the results of the above research are as follows: First, building and promoting an integrated education system. Regarding improvements in the creation of Korean wave of Korean traditional dance, the lack of information about Korean traditional dance education should be solved, the educational facilities should be expanded and the terms of the dance should be standardized. As plans for these, consistent research and direction of Korean wave policy should be established through the integration and collaboration of Korean wave-related institutions, the department of traditional culture should be established in the integrated institution, and a more concrete and systematic Korean wave policy should be carried out by sharing information about Korean traditional dance education through constructing an on-line network by language area, standardizing the terms of Korean dance for foreigners and building a database of the status of Korean traditional dance educational institutions and instructors in Japan. In addition, along with promotions through the Internet, public relations by sex and age group in various methods should be done: e.g. promotions using posters or flyers at community centers in Japan, which older women often visit as in Korea. Second, education and cultural exchange in terms of glocalization. It turned out that the increase of a preference for Korean wave culture led to the increase of that for Korean traditional dance, which also had an impact on Korean traditional dance education. According to this research result, it is necessary to expand Korean traditional dance educational facilities in Japan by area as a base for the creation of Korean wave of Korean traditional dance. To solve the lack of educational institutions and constraints due to distance, Korean traditional dance education should be revitalized by each area through Korean Residents Union formed all over Japan, and South Korean government should support related matters. The education through private organization may serve as a solution to the lack of the educational institutions and the constraints due to distance. Moreover, the state-level policy strategy for supporting the performances of Korean traditional dance as a composite art is necessary in order to spread the Korean traditional cultures including singing, dancing, music and Hanbok(the traditional Korean dress) by opening Korean traditional dance classes as liberal classes at the institutions where foreigners visit and receive education: e.g. Korean cultural centers throughout the world, King Sejong Institute and Korean Language Institute in South Korea. In terms of glocalization, by utilizing the Japan’s advanced DVD culture, the production of Korean traditional dance DVDs for education can be used as a way to overcome the constraints due to distance. Third, development of Korean traditional dance contents through intercultural convergence. To globalize Korean traditional dance, it should be seen on TV and media in various ways through developing traditional culture contents that integrate Korean traditional dance, music and costume by means of its nature of a composite art. Currently, in South Korea, ballet and modern dance are being seen through Product Placement(PPL) and used in films, dancing survival programs and comedy shows. New Korean dancing should be exposed through intercultural convergence: e.g. by giving Korean colors to Korean wave idol groups’ performances